Objective To review new progress of related research of peri pheral nerve defect treatment with tissue engineering in recent years. Methods Domestic and internationl l iterature concerning peri pheral nerve defect treatment with tissue engineering was reviewed and analyzed. Results Releasing neurotrophic factors with sustained release technology included molecular biology techniques, poly (lactic-co-glycol ic acid) microspheres, and polyphosphate microspheres. The mixture of neurotrophic factors and ductus was implanted to the neural tube wall which could be degraded then releasing factors slowly. Seed cells which were the major source of active ingredients played an important role in the repair and reconstruction of tissue engineering products. The neural tube of Schwann cells made long nerve repair and the quality of nerve regeneration was improved. Nerve scaffold materials included natural and synthetic biodegradable materials. Tube structure usually was adopted for nerve scaffold, which performance would affect the nerve repair effects directly. Conclusion With the further research of tissue engineering, the treatment of peripheral nerve defects with tissue engineering has made significant progress.
Compare the effect of different chemical methods for preparation of acellular nerve scaffold and to provide an effective nerve scaffold for tissue engineering. Methods Fifteen male SD rats of 2 months old, weighing 200-250 g were selected; the bilateral sciatic nerves were harvested and divided into 3 groups according to preparation methods: group A (normal nerve), group B (Sondell method) and group C (optimal method by Triton X-200, SB-10 and SB-16). The morphology was compared by HE, immunohistochemistry and SEM after dispose; the degrees of decellularization, degrees of demyel ination and integrity of the nerve fiber tube were assessed by scoring system. Results HE staining: In group A, thecross section of nerve was roundness, the cell nuclei was dark blue and the myel in sheath was reticular structure. In group B, the axon and cell nuclei disappeared and the structure of endoneurium was destroyed. In group C, the axon and cell nuclei disappeared and the endoneurium become anomal istic round cavum. The immunohistochemistry staining of Laminin: In group A, the myel in sheath was surrounded by basement membrane with dark blue SC nuclei inside. In group B, the myel in sheath and SC nuclei disappeared and the structure of basement membrane destroyed. In group C, the myel in sheath and SC nuclei disappeared and basement membrane become anomal istic round cavum. The immunohistochemistry staining of S-100: In group A, the myel in sheath and SC were brown. In groups B and C, there were no apparent stained myel in sheath. SEM: In group A, the myel in sheath and axon were clear. In group B, the axon and myel in sheath disappeared and basement membrane became anomal istic. In group C, the basement membrane was more regular than that of group B. The degrees of acellularization and demyel ination of groups B and C were superior to that of group A (P lt; 0.05), and the degrees of demyel ination of group C were superior to that of group B (P lt; 0.05). The integrity of nerve fiber tube of group C was superior to that of group B (P lt; 0.05) and similar to that of group A (P gt; 0.05). The total score was the lowest in group C but the qual ity was the best. Conclusion The effect of decellularization of optimal method was similar to that of traditional Sondell method, but the effect of demyel ination and integrity of nerve fiber tube were better than that of traditional Sondell method. And this acellular nerve can be used as a new kind of nerve scaffold material.