As the incidence of osteoporosis (OP) is increasing year by year, high morbidity and mortality caused by osteoporotic fractures have become major problems of health in China and over the world. Quantitative measurement of bone using 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (99mTc-MDP) provides global or local information of skeletal metabolism or transformation. In this paper, we make a brief review on the quantitative measurement of bone using 99mTc-MDP and expect to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
2-［18F］-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) combining positron emission tomography with computed tomography is used to evaluate the body's glucose metabolic changes under different conditions. In addition to its established role in oncological imaging, 18F-FDG PET/CT has clinical utility in suspected inflammation and infection. The technique can identify the source of infection in a timely fashion ahead of morphological changes, map the extent and severity of inflammation, guide the site for tissue biopsy and assess therapy response. This article reviewed the use of 18F-FDG PET/CT in infection and inflammation, such as fever of unknown origin, sarcoidosis, vessel vasculitis, osteomyelitis, joint prosthesis or implant-related complications, human immunodeficiency virus-related infections, and other indications, such as inflammatory bowel disease, so as to provide reference for clinicians to select 18F-FDG PET/CT to help them in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is an analog of norepinephrine that accumulates in sympathetic nerve endings soon after intravenous administration. The degree of accumulation reflects the uptake, storage and release of transmitters by noradrenergic neurons. Myocardial imaging with 123I labeled MIBG (123I-MIBG) can be used to estimate the extent of local myocardial sympathetic nerve damage, which has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various heart diseases. In recent years, numerous studies have been carried out on the application of 123I-MIBG in the diagnosis of degenerative diseases of the nervous system (such as Parkinson's disease and dementia of Lewy body), and have made some achievements. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current clinical application of 123I-MIBG myocardial imaging in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies, the problems in imaging technology and the possible research directions in the future, so as to provide valuable reference information for clinicians to reasonably and accurately apply this technology in the early diagnosis and discrimination of dementia.
Objective To explore the clinical application of combination of radiolabeled colloid （99Tcm-sulphur colloid） and blue dye in sentinel lymph node biopsy （SLNB） for early-stage breast cancer. Methods SLNB was performed with the guidance of blue dye, radiolabeled colloid, and the combination method in all patients enrolled, and clinical and pathological data were recorded respectively for analysis. Results Two hundred and one patients were enrolled in this study and the SLN were successfully detected in 200 cases. The identification rate of radiolabeled colloid method and combination method was 99.5% （200/201） and 99.5% （198/199） respectively, which significantly higher than blue dye method （85.4%, P＜0.001）. There were no differences of accuracy rate 〔95.3% （162/170） vs. 94.5% （189/200） vs. 98.0% （194/198）, P=0.185〕 and false negative rate 〔11.3% （8/71） vs. 13.9% （11/79） vs. 5.1% （4/79）, P=0.165） between blue dye method, radiolabeled colloid method, and combination method. The combination method could detect more SLN than radiolabeled colloid method or blue dye method only （P＜0.001）. Compared to combination method, there were 12 and 7 patients miss diagnosed in blue dye method and radiolabeled colloid method, and the miss diagnosed rate was 16.0% （12/75） and 9.3% （7/75）, respectively. Conclusions Compared to radiolabeled colloid and blue dye method, combination method has higher identification rate, and could identify more SLNs. It is recommended that the combination of radiolabeled colloid and blue dye should be adapted for procedure of SLNB in clinical practice.
To standardize the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism and effectively meet the needs of practical clinical work, we gathered experts and nursing experts from Departments of Thyroid Surgery, Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine, Ultrasound, Anesthesiology, Cardiology, and other departments at West China Hospital of Sichuan University to solicit opinions. This consensus was finally established based on published guidelines and the best evidence in Chinese and English combined with clinical practice. This consensus is intended to summarize and conclude, to the greatest extent possible, the practical issues encountered in diagnosing and treating secondary hyperparathyroidism in perioperative settings and to provide recommendations for clinical practice.