ObjectiveTo investigate the association between local population's lifestyle and the morbidity of cerebral stroke in Ganzi Tibetan state, so as to provided references for preventing stroke in the local region. MethodsA representative population sample (including residents, farmers and herdsmen) of Kangding, Dege, Ganzi, Litang and Batang county was selected through randomized cluster sampling from September 2010 to June 2012. Data including lifestyle, housing conditions and stroke status were collected using a questionnaire. Then statistic analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software. ResultsA total of 7 038 cases were investigated, of which 125 cases with cerebral stroke were found. The morbidity of stroke was 1 923/100 000. Smoking, alcohol drinking, excessive intake of salt and overweight were positively associated with the risk of cerebral stroke, while appropriate physical exercise was negatively associated with cerebral stroke. Housing conditions and height above sea level were not obviously associated with cerebral stroke. ConclusionThe prevalence of cerebral stroke is high in Ganzi Tibetan state, which is related to special local population's lifestyle. It is very important to reinforce the work for the prevention and control of stroke.
Heart rate variability (HRV) is the difference between the successive changes in the heartbeat cycle, and it is produced in the autonomic nervous system modulation of the sinus node of the heart. The HRV is a valuable indicator in predicting the sudden cardiac death and arrhythmic events. Traditional analysis of HRV is based on a multi-electrocardiogram (ECG), but the ECG signal acquisition is complex, so we have designed an HRV analysis system based on photoplethysmography (PPG). PPG signal is collected by a microcontroller from human’s finger, and it is sent to the terminal via USB-Serial module. The terminal software not only collects the data and plot waveforms, but also stores the data for future HRV analysis. The system is small in size, low in power consumption, and easy for operation. It is suitable for daily care no matter whether it is used at home or in a hospital.
ObjectiveTo summary and analyze the actuality of application for the fast track (FT) in China. MethodsThe clinical literatures of FT in China were collected and obtained from the WanFang database and China Hospital Knowledge Database (from Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2014), and then the actuality of application for the 22 items of FT was analyzed. ResultsA total of 62 literatures were collected, and there were 58 hospitals and 2 944 cases who underwent colorectal operation included. In all of the 62 literatures, the programmes were carried out 15 items at most, and there were only 3 items (average 10.06 items) at least. There were some important FT programmes were poorly developed (less than 60.00%) which included:normal preoperative feeding (45.16%, 28/62), intake carbohydrate drinks up until 2 hours before operation (54.84%, 34/62), thoracic epidural analgesia (58.06%, 36/62), avoid the opioids (35.48%, 22/62), minimally invasive operation (58.06%, 36/62), no nasogastric intubation (53.22%, 33/62), establish discharge criteria (27.42%, 17/62), follow-up (14.52%, 9/62), and audit of clinical outcomes (1.61%, 1/62). And that, there were serious distortions to some FT programmes, such as:distorted the surgery with epidural anesthesia to the thoracic epidural analgesia (46.77%, 29/62), distorted the early remove nasogastric intubation postoperative to avoidance the nasogastric intubation (17.74%, 11/62), and the minimally invasive surgery was independent of FT (6.45%, 4/62)/control the fluid therapy intraoperatively only (6.45%, 4/62). ConclusionThe current situation of the FT is not optimistic in China, it has existed that the concept of FT is fuzziness, the measures are not standardized and the application of some important programmes are deficient.