Objectives To explore the application effect of orthopedic psychological sleep management mode based on enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in orthopedic patients. Methods A non-synchronous clinical controlled study was conducted. The intervention group enrolled 118 orthopedic patients who admitted to our hospital between April and June 2017, and the control group enrolled 111 orthopedic patients who admitted to our hospital between January and March 2017. The control group used routine nursing measures during hospitalization, while the intervention group implemented an ERAS-based orthopedic psychological sleep management mode based on routine nursing measures, which included carrying out a new mode of multidisciplinary collaborative management, implementing the normative path of orthopedic psychological sleep management, and implementing the comprehensive psychological sleep management. The mood, sleep quality and satisfaction of the two groups within 24 hours after admission and before discharge were compared. Results Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in general data, mood or sleep quality between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the median score (the lower and upper quartiles) of the Huaxi Emotional Index of the intervention group was 1 (0, 5), while the score of the control group was 2 (0, 6); the median score (the lower and upper quartiles) of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was 4 (3, 7) in the intervention group and 6 (4, 9) in the control group; the satisfaction score in the intervention group was better than that in the control group (96.47±2.72vs. 95.52±2.79); the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The ERAS-based orthopedic psychological sleep management mode is beneficial to improve the patients’ emotional disorder, sleep quality and satisfaction. It facilitates the patients’ accelerated recovery.