Objective To review the research progress of osteoblastextracellular matrix(ECM) and its application in bone tissue engineering. Methods The recentrelated literatures were extensively reviewed. Results The ECM was complex in its components. The configuration of cell and cell’s adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation were subject to the ECM. The bioactivity of the tissue engineering products was revealed by ECM, which predicted the product’s efficiency in clinic application. Conclusion ECM has the potential to become the effective index in evaluating tissue engineered products.
Objective To study the differentiation of the human osteoblasts during the construction of the tissue engineered periosteum with the human acellular amniotic membrane(HAAM).Methods To construct the tissue engineered periosteum (n=60) with HAAM, the human fetal osteoblasts were used. The fetal osteoblasts were cultured for 2, 4, 6, 8, and10 days, and then their total RNA was extracted, which were reversely transcripted to cDNA. The realtime PCR analysis was used to reveal Cbfal and Osterix, and the cycle threshold (Ct) was also measured. The simplycultured osteoblasts were used as the control group (n=20).Results The expression of Cbfa1 was higher in the experimental group on the 2nd day when compared with that on the 4th, 6th, and 8th day(P＜0.05). The same result existed on the 10th day when compared with that on the 4th and 8th day. The expression of Osterix increased and was highest on the 8th day when compared with the other results(P＜0.05). Both of the 2 gene expressions were decreased in the control group when compared with those in the experimental group, but with no significant difference(P＞0.05). Conclusion Cbfa1 and Osterix can be normally expressed by the osteoblasts after their integration with HAAM. As a scaffold, HAAM can be used to keep the osteoblast phenotype and differentiation with an osteoconductive ability. Such a cell-scaffold complex may provide a basis for the osteogenesis.
Objective To study the gene expressions of human osteoblasts during the construction of tissue engineered bone with the bioderived material. Methods The fetal osteoblasts were used to construct tissue engineered bone with the bio-derived material and then were cultured 2,4,6,8 and 10 days in vitro. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that Cbfa 1, Osterix, Collagen type Ⅰ,osteocalcin(OC) and Integrin α5 and β1 were present in osteoblasts with bio-derived materials.Results The change ofCbfa1 was consistent with the change of Osterix. On 2nd day and 8th day, the expression of Osterix in experimental group was higher than that in control group, P＜0.05. Collagen type Ⅰ’s change was consistent with change of OC expression, and its expression was higher in experimental group than that in control group on 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th day. The Integrinexpression was high all along. Conclusion The important genes can be expressed normally by integrating osteoblasts with bioderived scaffolds. As skeleton tissue engineering scaffold, the bio-derived bone is conducive to keepthe osteoblast’s phenotype and differentiation with osteoconductive ability. The osteoblast can enter proliferation stage favorably and the scaffold materials exert no effects on it. Bio-derived bone can also supply more space for cellsto proliferate. The bio-derived materials promote osteoblasts adhesion.
To analyze the effectiveness of anterior cruciate l igament (ACL) reconstruction with preserving the remnant ACL by allograft l igament. Methods Between January and July in 2008, 97 patients underwent ACL reconstruction with the allograft l igament. On the basis of the ACL’s condition, patients were divided into 2 groups. In the trial group (patients having remnant ACL, n=38), there were 27 males and 11 females with an average age of 24.3 years (range, 16-43 years); of them, 8 cases compl icated by menicus injury and 13 cases by Outbridge I degree cartilage injury; the time from injuryto operation was 3-20 weeks (mean, 8.6 weeks). In the control group (patients having no remnant ACL, n=59), there were 35 males and 24 females with an average age of 27.8 years (range, 18-48 years); of them, 16 cases compl icated by menicus injury and 23 cases by Outbridge I degree cartilage injury; the time from injury to operation was 4-44 weeks (mean, 12.7 weeks). All injuries were caused by sports in 2 groups. All patients had positive anterior drawer test and positive Lackman test. Before operation and 3, 8, 9, 15 months after operation, the function of the knee joint was evaluated by the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scale and Lysholm score. KT-2000 arthrometer was used to evaluate knee laxity. Results All incisions healed primarily, and no intraarticular infection occurred. Thirty-seven cases and 57 cases were followed up 15 months in the trial group and the control group, respectively. Knee instabil ity disappeared; the patients showed negative anterior drawer test and negative Lackman test. By the evaluation of KT-2000, the joint sl ippage of 2 groups were less than 2 mm at 3 and 6 months after operation, but it was more than 2 mm in 2 cases of the trial group and in 3 cases of the control group at 9 months after operation; and it was no change in the trial group and 2.5-4.0 mm (mean, 3.4 mm) in the control group at 15 months after operation. Both the IKDC scale and Lysholm score were higher in the trial group than in the control group 3 months after operation, but the differences were not significant (P gt; 0.05). Both the IKDC scale and Lysholm score were
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of internal fixation with headless compression hollow embedding screws in the treatment of intraarticular fracture of elbow.MethodsBetween March 2012 and September 2018, 12 patients with intraarticular fracture of elbow were treated with internal fixation with headless compression hollow embedding screws. There were 7 males and 5 females with an average age of 50.3 years (range, 22-65 years). Cause of injury included falling in 7 cases, falling from high places in 4 cases, and traffic accident in 1 case. Ten patients were distal humerus fractures which were classified as type 13-B3 in 8 cases and type 13-C3 in 2 cases according to the International Association of Internal Fixation Research (AO/ASIF). Two patients were radial head fractures which were classified as type Ⅲ according to the modified Mason classifications. The preoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score was 8.25±0.83. The time from injury to operation was 3-5 days (mean, 3.7 days).ResultsAll incisions healed by first intention. All 12 patients were followed up 6-15 months, with an average of 8.4 months. The results of X-ray films and CT examination showed that the fracture ends were anatomic reduction, and the fractures healed at 6-11 months after operation, with an average of 7.8 months. One patient had heterotopic ossification at 4 months after operation. The VAS scores were 5.17±0.79 at 2 weeks after operation and 0.50±0.50 at last follow-up. There were significant differences between the time points (P<0.05). At last follow-up, the Mayo elbow function score was 68-95, with an average of 83.9. The activity of elbow joint recovered.ConclusionThe intraarticular fracture of elbow can be firmly fixed by the headless compression hollow embedding screw, which can allow the early functional training of the elbow joint, reduce the incidence of heterotopic ossification, and obtain good effectiveness.
ObjectiveTo summarize our experience in the treatment of esophageal foreign bodies.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 149 patients of esophageal foreign bodies in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from December 2011 to May 2019 was carried out, including 75 (50.3%) females and 74 (49.7%) males with an average age of 57 (2-85) years.ResultsThere were 146 patients confirmed by endoscopy, and 3 patients were not found foreign body. Among the confirmed patients, 127 patients were removed by gastroscope and 19 patients were treated by operation. Esophageal foreign bodies are mainly related to the types of food. Jujube seed is the most common food foreign body in the northwest China. The injury rate of mucosal was 47.54% within 48 hours. The complication rate of taking out the foreign body after 48 hours was 100.0%. The success rate by endoscopy decreased (P=0.005), if the foreign body combined perforation. There was no statistical difference between the neck and other parts when using ultra-fine gastroscope (P=0.157).ConclusionThe sharper the foreign body is, the easier the perforation is. The earlier the foreign body is removed, the less complications are. The size of the foreign body determines the difficulty of endoscopic removal. Gastroscopy is the first choice for diagnosis and treatment, especially ultra-fine gastroscopy, and the foreign bodies that cannot be removed by endoscopy need surgical treatment.