ObjectiveTo explore the application and effectiveness of three-pedicle reduction mammoplasty in breast cancer patients with moderate or greater breast hypertrophy and/or moderate-to-severe breast ptosis. Methods The clinical data of 15 breast cancer female patients with hypertrophy and/or moderate-to-severe breast ptosis treated by three-pedicle reduction mammaplasty with inverted T incision between January 2019 and March 2021 were retrospectively analysed. The patients were aged 31-58 years, with a median age of 39 years. The disease duration ranged from 10 days to 9 months (median, 3.4 months). All patients had unifocal tumor, with a maximum diameter of primary tumor of 0.5-3.9 cm (mean, 2.0 cm), of which 12 were diagnosed with invasive carcinoma and 3 carcinoma in situ. Tumor stage: TisN0M0 in 3 cases, T1N0M0 in 4 cases, T1N2M0 in 2 cases, T2N0M0 in 4 cases, and T2N1M0 in 2 cases. The preoperative cup sizes of patients were D cup in 3 cases, DD cup in 1 case, E cup in 2 cases, EE cup in 2 cases, F cup in 2 cases, FF cup in 1 case, and ≥G cup in 4 cases. The distance from nipple to inframammary fold was 8-18 cm (mean, 12.2 cm) before operation. The patients were followed up regularly after operation to evaluate the breast reduction effect and complications; Breast cancer reporting outcome scale (BREAST-Q) was used to assess patients’ satisfaction and quality of life; and ultrasound, chest and abdominal CT, whole-body bone scan were performed to assess local tumor recurrence or distant metastasis. Results The postoperative nipple position was slightly higher than inframammary fold in all patients. Postoperative cup sizes were A cup in 3 cases, B cup in 6, C cup in 4, D cup in 1, and DD cup in 1, which showing significant difference when compared with preoperative cup sizes (Z=3.420, P=0.001). The median follow-up time was 9 months (range, 6-33 months). Postoperatively, 2 cases (13.3%) had wound-site cellulitis, 1 (6.7%) had mild fat liquefaction, 2 (13.3%) had nipple and areola hypoesthesia but recovered after 3 months. No complication such as fat necrosis, papillary areola complex, or flap necrosis occurred. All patients had undergone adjuvant radiotherapy, of which 1 (6.7%) showed mild skin color change after radiotherapy, but no radiotherapy-related complication occurred in all patients. No patient was readmitted, received reoperation, or delayed to adjuvant therapy due to complications. In the BREAST-Q score, breast satisfaction and quality of life scores at 3 and 6 months after operation were significantly better than those before operation and at 1 month after operation (P<0.05); no significant difference was found between at 1 month after operation and before operation (P>0.05). Nipple satisfaction scores at 1, 3, and 6 months after operation were 15.6±2.2, 18.5±1.4, 19.3±0.7, respectively. At discharge after operation, the patient’s satisfaction with the outcome of the operation was scored 84.7±11.4. The score of adverse events of radiotherapy at 6 months after operation was 6.5±0.8. During the follow-up, patient had no local recurrence, distant metastasis, or breast cancer related death. Conclusion For breast cancer patients with moderate or greater breast hypertrophy and/or moderate-to-severe breast ptosis, three-pedicle reduction mammoplasty can not only remove the lesions, but also reduce hypertrophic breasts, accomplish the mammoplasty, reduce the radiotherapy complications, and improve the satisfaction and quality of life of patients.
ObjectiveTo compare the differences of clinical effects between the bilateral endoscopic breast reconstruction and the open breast reconstruction. MethodsThe clinical data of 28 female patients who underwent bilateral breast graft reconstruction in the Department of Breast Surgery of West China Hospital from January 2017 to January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups: an endoscopic group (n=12, aged 41.3±8.9 years) and an open group (n=16, aged 41.6±8.8 years). The clinical data of the two groups of patients were compared. Results There was no significant difference in demographic and oncological data between the two groups (P>0.05). There was a significant difference in the implants between the two groups (P=0.008). The operation time (298.2±108.6 min vs. 326.5±95.8 min, P=0.480) and anesthesia time (373.4±91.2 min vs. 400.3±97.1 min, P=0.463) were not significantly different. The total complications (P=0.035) and major complications (P=0.024) in the open group were more than those in the endoscopic group. For the comparison of breast satisfaction, psychosocial well-being and sexual well-being, the scores at six months and one year after surgery were higher in the endoscopic group than those in the open group (P<0.05). ConclusionThe endoscopic reconstruction is safe and effective, with high satisfaction rates regarding breast reconstruction and quality of life, and is superior to conventional open surgery.
ObjectiveTo explore the surgical technique and clinical effect of endoscopic assisted transaxillary breast tumor resection in the treatment of benign and malignant breast tumors. MethodsThe clinical data of 18 patients received endoscopic breast tumor resection from September 2020 to December 2021 in the Department of Breast Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, were retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the feasibility, tumor safety and postoperative cosmetic effect. There were 7 patients with benign breast tumors (a benign breast tumor group) and 11 patients with early breast cancer (a malignant breast tumor group). Breast-Q and Scar-Q questionnaires were used to evaluate postoperative quality of life and satisfaction of patients. ResultsEndoscopic breast tumor resection was performed successfully in 18 female patients, among whom 12 patients received day surgery. The mean age of benign and malignant breast tumor groups was 29.6±11.6 years and 46.7±14.3 years, the mean tumor size in pathological examination was 3.3±2.1 cm and 2.0±0.8 cm, and the operative time was 138.9±57.0 min and 177.3±46.3 min, respectively. One patient had positive resection margin and underwent intraoperative extended resection in the malignant breast tumor group. All the patients were successfully followed up, and the mean follow-up time of benign and malignant breast tumor groups was 6.8±4.0 months and 8.7±4.9 months, respectively. No complications or tumor recurrence occurred. The scores of psychosocial status, sexual well-being, chest wall status and breast satisfaction decreased one month after surgery and basically recovered to the preoperative level in one year, and the score of scar appearance increased to 64.6±5.9 points one year postoperatively. ConclusionEndoscopic assisted transaxillary breast tumor resection can effectively improve postoperative cosmetic effect and patient satisfaction on the premise of safety.
ObjectiveTo explore the surgical technique and preliminary results of endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) and immediate pre-pectoral implant-based breast reconstruction (BR) with titanium-coated polypropylene mesh (TiLoop Bra) via single axillary incision for breast cancer patients.MethodsThe clinical data of 9 consecutive female patients who underwent E-NSM and immediate pre-pectoral implant-based BR with TiLoop Bra from March to May 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The mean age of patients was 40.6 (22-60) years. The operation time, early complications were collected, and the patients' social and mental health, breast satisfaction and chest function before and after the operation were assessed with the BREAST-Q questionnaire.ResultsAll the patients had unicentric tumor with a mean diameter of 2.4 (0.6-4.7) cm. The mean distance from the tumor to the nipple was 2.5 (2-4) cm. There were 2 patients with tumor stage 0 and 7 patients with stageⅠ. The mean operation time was 161.1 (125-201) min, the mean blood loss was 41.1 mL and the hospital stay time was 1.5 d. There were 5 patients in the day-care unit. All the patients were successfully followed up with a median follow-up time of 1 (1-2) month. One (11.1%) patient with depigmentation of the nipple-areola complex caused by mild ischemia. None of the patients had incision complications, subcutaneous emphysema, hematoma, infection, nipple-areola or skin flaps necrosis, implant loss. During the follow-up period, no local/regional recurrence or distant metastasis was found. Chest well-being was decreased in the first month after the surgery compared with preoperative status, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). There was no statistical difference in the breast satisfaction or psychosocial function scores between pre- and post-operation (P>0.05).ConclusionE-NSM and immediate pre-pectoral implant-based BR with TiLoop Bra via single axillary incision has minimal trauma, rapid postoperative recovery, short operation time, few early complications and good early cosmetic effect, and the short-term result is satisfactory.