ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous natural killer cells (NK) cells for the treatment of malignant tumors. MethodsThe PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were electronically searched to collect clinical studies on autologous NK cells for the treatment of malignant tumors from inception to July 1, 2023. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Descriptive analysis of the results were conducted. ResultsA total of 15 studies were included. The most common tumor type was non-small cell lung cancer. The dose of NK cell injections usually ranged from 7.0×107 to 7.0×109 cell counts, with a treatment interval of 14-21 days and a frequency of 3-6 injections. The overall response rate for NK cell therapy was 0% to 77.78%. The main adverse effects were fever (3.98%), fatigue (1.99%), rash (0.4%), and dizziness (1.20%). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that autologous NK cell therapy is safe for malignant tumors, and some studies have shown that NK cell therapy has a relieving effect. However, due to limitations in the number and quality of studies included, the above conclusions come from a qualitative synthesis of individual studies and need to be validated by more high-quality studies.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of autologous mononuclear cells transplantation in osteonecrosis of the femoral head.MethodsPubMed, EMbase and The Cochrane Library were electronically searched to collect randomized and non-randomized controlled trials on autologous mononuclear cells transplantation for osteonecrosis of the femoral head from inception to July 31th, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literatures, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsA total of 17 studies involving 645 hips in mononuclear cells group and 557 hips in cell-free group were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with cell-free therapy, mononuclear cells therapy could improve hip function in term of Hairrs score (MD=8.11, 95%CI 4.36 to 11.87, P<0.000 1), Merle D`Aubigné Postel score (MD=2.23, 95%CI 0.97 to 3.49, P=0.000 5), WOMAC score (MD=−10.81, 95%CI −15.80 to −5.81, P<0.000 1), Lequesne index (MD=−2.97, 95%CI −5.42 to −0.52, P=0.02) and alleviate the pain (MD=−9.13, 95%CI −12.40 to −5.86, P<0.000 01), delay the progression of radiological staging (RR=0.55, 95%CI 0.34 to 0.89, P=0.01) and reduce the rate of total hip arthroplasty (RR=0.61, 95%CI 0.43 to 0.86, P=0.005). In terms of safety, mononuclear cell therapy did not increase the rate of complications (RR=0.77, 95%CI 0.33 to 1.83, P=0.56).ConclusionsThe current evidence shows that autologous mononuclear cells therapy is a safe and effective way for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.