【摘要】 目的 探讨肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤的彩色多普勒超声表现和超声诊断价值。 方法 回顾性分析2005年3月-2010年9月58例61个经手术及病理证实的肾上腺髓脂肪瘤病灶的彩色多普勒超声表现，对病变的大小、内部回声特点及血流特点进行分析。 结果 在2005年3月-2007年12月的28个病灶超声诊断出肾上腺病变23个，正确率82.1%；诊断为髓脂肪瘤2个，正确率7.1%；漏诊1个，误诊4个。2008年1月-2010年9月，33个病灶超声诊断出肾上腺病变30个，正确率90.9%；诊断为髓脂肪瘤19个，正确率57.6%；无漏诊，误诊3个。52个病灶超声表现为边界清晰，形态基本规则，内部呈均匀中等强回声（与肾集合系统回声相当），内部未测及血流信号， 另8个病灶表现为中等强回声与低回声相间。 结论 肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤具有特征性的彩色多普勒超声声像图表现， 可用于发现病变并对多数肾上腺髓样脂肪瘤做出定性诊断。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the value of sonographic diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma. Methods Sonographic findings from 58 patients with pathologically proved adrenal myelolipoma from March 2005 to September 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. The size of the lesion, internal echo features, and characteristics of blood flow were observed and analyzed. Results In 28 patients with pathologically proved adrenal myelolipoma from March 2005 to December 2007, adrenal lesions was diagnosed in 23 with an accurate rate of 82.1%; adrenal myelolipoma was diagnosed in two with an accurate rate of 7.1%; missed diagnosed in one; misdiagnosed was in four. In 33 patients with pathologically proved adrenal myelolipoma from January 2008 to September 2010, adrenal lesions was diagnosed in 30 with an accurate rate of 90.9%; adrenal myelolipoma was diagnosed in 19 with an accurate rate of 57.6%; no missed diagnosed occurred; misdiagnosed was in three. The sonographic features in 52 lesions were smooth borders and homogeneous hyperechoic; no color Doppler flow signal inside was detected. Conclusion Adrenal myelolipoma has special sonographic features. Ultrasonography is a reliable imaging method for the diagnosis of adrenal myelolipoma.