目的:探讨双水平气道正压无创通气（BiPAP）对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease，COPD）合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的治疗价值。方法：66例COPD合并Ⅱ型呼衰患者分成通气组和对照组，对照组给予常规抗感染、祛痰、平喘、肾上腺皮质激素、呼吸兴奋剂、低浓度持续吸氧等治疗，通气组除了常规治疗外，加无创机械通气（BiPAP）治疗，采用通气口鼻面罩，设定参数S/T模式，呼吸频率12~18次/min，氧流量3~5 L/min，吸气压（IPAP）10~18 cmH2O，呼气压（EPAP）3~6 cm H2O，最初3日持续使用呼吸机，病情好转后6~20 h/d，通气天数为5~12天，观察治疗前后动脉血气分析指标变化。结果：通气组治疗后血气分析中pH值、SaO2、PaO2、PaCO2较治疗前均明显改善（Plt;0.01），其改善幅度明显优于对照组，临床症状亦明显改善。结论：双水平气道正压无创通气治疗COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭疗效显著。
Objectives To explore the quality of the reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).Methods We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2006), PubMed, EMbase, the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBMdisc), VIP Information, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (from establishment to February 2007). We also checked the reference lists of included studies. The quality of the reporting of RCTs was assessed using the 22-item checklist of the CONSORT Statement and other self-established criteria. Results Thirty-eight RCTs were included. The word “randomization” was not present in any of the trials, and only 17 reports used a structured abstract. All trials did not report the scientific background and the rational for the trial, the estimation of the necessary sample size, the methods of allocation concealment and blinding, participant flow chart, ITT analysis, and ancillary analyses. Some authors misunderstood the diagnostic criteria and inclusion criteria, some selected inappropriate control interventions, and some did not clearly describe their statistical methods or used incorrect methods. All 38 trials reported positive outcomes, few reported adverse effects. No report included a general interpretation of the new trial’s results in the context of current evidence in their discussion section, and none mentioned the limitations of the study, the clinical and research implications or the external validity of the trial findings. Conclusion The overall reporting quality of RCTs of TCM for CFS is poor. Defects are found in each section of the reports. Researchers and journal editors should learn and use the principles and methods of evidence-based medicine—especially the use of a transparent prospective clinical trial register and the CONSORT Statement—to improve the design, conduct and report TCM trials.
Objective To investigate clinical features and surgical outcome in children with frontal lobe epilepsy by evaluating the correlation between the predictive factors and seizure freedom. Methods 18 children who underwent frontal lobe epileptogenic resection in the Epilepsy Center of the Children's Hospital of Fudan University between January 2017 and December 2019 with a minimum follow up of 2 year were analyzed retrospectively. Each patient was evaluated with detailed data to predict postsurgical seizure freedom by analysis of variance. Results Of the 18 patients, there were 11 males and 7 females, the age at surgery ranged from 21 months to 11 years old (6.8±2.73) and the duration of seizures was from 1 month to 9 years. 17 patients had focal seizures, while 1 had generalized epileptic spasm. In scalp EEG, interictal and initial ictal discharges were frontal in 11 and 9 cases, respectively. MRI was indicative of FCD in 10 cases, tumor in 2, tuberous sclerosis and gliosis lesion in 1 case each. 4 patients were MRI negative. 11 patients underwent epileptogenic lesion resections directly and 7 cases received depth electrodes implantation and underwent stereo-electroencephalography to localize epileptogenic zone. At follow-up of 2 years, 14 (77.8%) patients remained seizure-free (Engel Ⅰ), 1 (5.6%) had marked seizure reduction (Engel Ⅱ), 2 (11.0%) showed minor improvement (Engel Ⅲ), and only 1 (5.6%) showed no response (Engel Ⅳ). About predictors of seizure recurrence, there were no significant differences in gender, age at surgery, age of seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, lateralization of epileptogenic zone, positive MRI findings, interictal and ictal discharge, etiology, intellectual development and stereo-electroencephalography implantation, while significantly higher rates of seizure freedom correlated with complete the resection of the epileptogenic zone. Conclusions Focal cortical dysplasia is the most common cause in childhood with frontal lobe epilepsy and complete resection of the epileptogenic zone can lead to good seizure control outcome.