ObjectiveTo systematically review the disease burden of pneumoconiosis in Chinese population so as to provide references for health resources allocation and health policy making.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were searched for studies on investigation of the disease burden of pneumoconiosis in Chinese population from inception to 31st January, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, exacted data, and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Systematic review was performed on data of pneumoconiosis associated population, mortality, and disease burden.ResultsA total of 26 studies were included. Qualitative analysis showed that the decrease of DALY and YLL of pneumoconiosis in China had been lower than that in globally, and the increase of YLD had been higher than that in globally in recent 10 years. 14 factors were included in the analysis of influencing factors on the financial burden or hospitalization expenses of pneumoconiosis patients; among them, the length of hospitalization, related complications, and pneumoconiosis stage were the most important indexes which had influence or difference on patients’ financial burden (or hospitalization expenses). The burden of pneumoconiosis in the Chinese population was primarily concentrated on males. Occupational diseases caused most of them, and middle-aged and older adults were the primary population for pneumoconiosis. However, young patients due to early-onset age, long course of disease and complications, and other factors resulting in a larger YLD phenomenon should also be considered.ConclusionsThe disease burden of pneumoconiosis patients in China is still heavy. It is recommended to continue to reduce the DALY of pneumoconiosis among the Chinese population as a long-term goal, and to strengthen control strategies to curb the early onset and death of pneumoconiosis.
目的 探讨腹腔镜胃微创游离术在食管癌Ivor-Lewis术式的应用价值。 方法 回顾性分析2009年4月－2011年1月行Ivor-Lewis术式食管癌患者25例，其中男15例，女10例，年龄50～72岁，平均63岁，食管中段癌14例，食管下段癌11例，腹部操作均采用经脐部、右腋前线平胆囊底水平、左腋前线平左侧肋缘及前述两操作孔与脐部连线中点做操作孔置入腹腔镜器械，超声刀游离胃并清扫腹腔淋巴结。 结果 25例手术均取得成功,无中转开腹。腹腔镜操作时间30~80 min;出血约2~20 mL，无术中输血；行胃左动脉、肝总动脉、腹腔干动脉、胃大、小弯及贲门旁淋巴结完全清扫,术后患者2～4 d肛门排气,术后5～7 d恢复进食，术后住院9～12 d ；25例患者随访1～2年，进食及生活质量良好，无复发转移及死亡者。 结论 食管癌Ivor-Lewis术式中采用腹腔镜胃微创游离术是安全可行的，可充分游离胃、腹腔淋巴结清扫彻底同时具有减少手术创伤、出血少、疼痛轻、术后并发症少、住院时间减少等优点，值得推广。
ObjectivesTo investigate and analyze the activities of daily living status and influencing factors for the elderly of long-term care in Shangrao City of Jiangxi Province, and provide a basis for Shangrao City to carry out long-term care insurance for the elderly. MethodsCluster sampling was used to investigate the elderly aged 60 and over in 12 counties (cities, districts)of Shangrao, including the elderly general demographic characteristics and activity of daily living survey. ResultsA total of 1 087 elderly people were surveyed, with an average age of 77.75±8.12 and a total 70.6±21.4 score of activity of daily living. Comparing different age groups, the elder age group had a worse activity of daily living (P<0.001). Those with a higher education level had relatively poor activity of daily living (P<0.001), and those with spouse also had poor activity of daily living (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age (P<0.001), education level (P<0.001), marital status (P<0.05) and income level (P<0.05) were important factors affecting the scores of activity of daily living of the elderly. ConclusionsAge, education level, marital status, low-income situation, chronic disease, and household registration are the main risk factors affecting the score of the long-term care of the elderly in daily life. The establishment of a long-term care insurance system should be based on chronic diseases, age, marital status and other factors to determine the corresponding long-term care standard scoring system and compensation standards.