ObjectiveTo explore the dynamic changes of microvessels in the hippocampal CA3 area in mice model of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) induced by pilocarpine. MethodsEighteen health SPF male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group and status epilepticus (SE) group. The SE group was subdivided into three groups:SE-7 days, SE-28 days and SE-56 days. SE was induced by intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine. And immunohistochemical staining was used to detected the localization of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1). ResultsIn the control group, PECAM-1 labeled microvessels arranged in a layered structure, and the microvessel of the orient layer was most prominent. After SE, the microvessels started to form an unorganized vascular plexus and appeared fibrous and fragmented, which was prominent at SE-28 days. Furthermore, the microvessels density increased the top at SE-28 days compared to the control (P < 0.001). ConclusionThe angiogenesis exists during the hippocampus formation in the mice model of TLE induced by pilocarpine, which could direct a new explanation for TLE formation and development.