目的 运用营养风险筛查2002工具对普外科患者进行营养风险状况和营养支持现状调查。 方法 对2011年3月－8月在普外科新入院的520例患者进行营养风险筛查，判定是否存在营养风险，同时用已纳入患者现有的临床营养支持状况，分析目前临床营养支持的合理性。 结果 476例（91.5%）患者完成筛查。有营养风险者156例（32.8%），无营养风险者320例（67.2%）。在有营养风险患者中，实施临床营养支持者有131例，占84.0%；无营养风险患者中，实施了营养支持者占40.3%。 结论 基层县级医院普外科入院患者营养风险发生率较高，并且临床营养支持合理性尚待改善。
ObjectiveTo design a method for observing pulmonary microcirculation in vivo in a native tissue environment, due to the high incidence of lung diseases and the advantages of animal experiments in vivo.MethodsTen BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into group A and group B, with five mice in each group. A self-made apparatus was used to control the movement towards local lung tissues in order to get a stabilized observation plane, and then a 5-minute video was shot with laser confocal scanning microscope. During the filming, the mice in group A were injected with fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran via the tail vein, and the mice in group B were injected with green fluorescent protein-platelets (extracted from the blood of tie2-cre&rosa26-tomato-EGFP transgenic black C57 male mice). The data of group A was used to observe the lungs perfusion and the damage to tissue by this method, and the data of group B was used to observe the movement of platelets.ResultsImage of lung structure obtained by this method was clear and stable. Mean areas of alveolus in an instant and at the 30th, 60th, 120th, 180th, and 300th second were (1 603±181), (1 588±183), (1 528±363), (1 506±353), (1 437±369), (1 549±307) μm2, respectively, and there were no significant differences between each time point (P>0.05). The video was smooth, the rapid movement of platelets was recorded and the particles were clear and without tailing; after the observation, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed no obvious damage to the lung tissue.ConclusionThe method can be used for the observation and research of the lung microcirculatory system in the living state of the mouse, and provides a methodological basis for studies of other lung diseases in vivo.