Objective To analyze the quality control results of forced vital capacity ( FVC) test in elderly patients. Methods 534 lung function test reports of the elderly patients ( ≥ 80 years old) from January 2010 to December 2010 were collected from pulmonary function testing laboratory in Shougang Hospital of Peking University. Based on the report results, the selected patients were divided into four groups, ie. a normal group, a restricted group, an obstructed group, and a mixed group. The results of lung function tests that met the criteria of quality control in each group were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 534 reports were collected, of which 36 were not credible and treated as test failure. Of the 498 credible reports, 99.6% ( 496 /498) met the start-of-test criteria for quality control. 95. 8% ( 477/498) met the exhalation process test criteria for quality control with the highest rate of 98.6% ( 217 /220) in the obstructed group and the lowest rate of 85. 9% ( 55 /64) in the restricted group. The difference between two groups was significant (Plt;0.01) . 68.1% ( 339/498) met the end-of-test criteria for quality control with the highest rate of 88.6% ( 195/220) in the obstructed group and the lowest rate of 18.8% ( 12/64) in the restricted group. The difference between two groups was significant (Plt;0.01) . 16.7% (88/498) of the reports could be analyzed for repeatability, and the obstructed group had the highest rate of 22.3% (49/220) while the restricted group had the lowest rate of 6.3% ( 4/64) . The difference between two groups was significant too (Plt;0.01) . Only 14.6% (73/498) of the reports met all of the criteria listed above. Conclusions Elderly patients can also complete FVC test but the result may be not credible. There are still lots to be improved in FVC test for elderly patients.
Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance distribution and profiles of multidrug resistant bacteria in respiratory intensive care unit ( RICU) , and to analyze the related risk factors for multidrug resistant bacterial infections. Methods Pathogens from79 patients in RICU from April 2008 to May 2009 were analyzed retrospectively. Meanwhile the risk factors were analyzed by multi-factor logistic analysis among three groups of patients with non-multidrug, multidrug and pandrug-resistant bacterialinfection. Results The top three in 129 isolated pathogenic bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 24. 0% ) , Staphylococcus aureus( 22. 5% ) , and Acinetobacter baumannii( 15. 5% ) . The top three in 76 isolated multidrug-resistant bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus ( 38. 9% ) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 25. 0% ) , and Acinetobacter baumannii( 19. 4% ) . And the two main strains in 29 isolated pandrug-resistant bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 48. 3% ) and Acinetobacter baumannii ( 44. 8% ) . Multi-factor logistic analysis revealed that the frequency of admition to RICU, the use of carbapenem antibiotics, the time of mechanical ventilation, the time of urethral catheterization, and complicated diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for multidrug-resistant bacterial infection( all P lt; 0. 05) . Conclusions There is a high frequency of multidrug-resistant bacterial infection in RICU. Frequency of admition in RICU, use of carbapenem antibiotics, time of mechanical ventilation, time of urethral catheterization, and complicated diabetes mellitus were closely related withmultidrug-resistant bacterial infection.
Objectives To describe background, measures and impacts of building essential healthcare system in the developed and developing countries aboard. Methods Search words were chosen by both health policy experts and search coordinators after discussion and pilot. The resources we searched included electronic databases, websites of health institutions and governments and search engine Google. Any reports of implemented strategy to develop an essential healthcare package were included. Pre-designed data extraction form was used for collecting strategies and study method of included studies. Then the extracted information was analyzed and described. Result 166 studies covering 72 countries were included, most of which were studies in the middle and low Countries. In terms of study objectives, many studies (160 articles) aimed to describe strategies, while few studies(6 articles) were to evaluate effectiveness of strategies. Most of studies evaluating effectiveness were cross-sectionnary data, Except one time cohort study with intervention. Conclusions Strategies to implement essential healthcare system varies in the different country because of diversity of political, culture and economic background and different goals. The experience in transition countries gives us more high lights.
Objective To describe the criteria and procedure for defining an essential healthcare package in the developed and developing countries. Method Search words were chosen by both health policy experts and search coordinators after discussion and pilot. We searched electronic databases, websites of health institutions and governments and search engine Google. Any reports of implemented strategy to develope an essential healthcare package were included. Pre-designed data extraction form was used for collecting strategies and study method of included studies. Then the extracted information was analyzed and described. Result One hundred and sixty-six studies covering 72 countries were included, most of which were studies in the middle and low Countries. In terms of study objective,160 articles aimed to describe strategies, 6 articles aimed to evaluate effectiveness of strategies.Five studies evaluating effectiveness were cross-sectionnary data, and one study was time series. Conclusion An appropriate package should be defined according to both technique criteria and social welfare criteria, considering each country’s healthcare system and market structure, characteristics of the demander and provider, capacity of government’s regulation. The experience in transition countries gives us more high lights.