Objective To investigate the efficacy and influential factors of interventional therapy for post-intubation tracheal stenosis. Methods The clinical data of 69 patients with tracheal stenosis after tracheal intubation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from February 2010 to March 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The effects of interventional treatment for tracheal stenosis after intubation were evaluated by reviewing the medical records and telephone follow-up for more than 1 year. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influential factors. Results The study recruited 69 patients with the median age of 44 years. After the interventional treatment, ATS dyspnea score decreased from (2.41±0.76) points to (0.65±0.62) points ( P<0.01), the diameter of airway lumen increased from (4.24±2.05)mm to (10.57±3.14)mm ( P<0.01). The short-term effective rate of interventional therapy was 92.8% (64/69) but the restenosis rate in 1 month, 3 months and 1 year after interventional treatment were 56.5%, 26.1% and 36.2%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes (OR=2.819, 95%CI 1.973-4.062）, shortness of breath score >3 points (OR=13.816, 95%CI 5.848-32.641）, trachea stenosis diameter <4.5 mm (OR=7.482, 95%CI 4.015-13.943), tracheal stenosis grade ≥4 (OR=3.815, 95%CI 2.258-6.447), stenosis in the upper trachea (OR=5.173, 95%CI 3.218-8.316) were risk factors of interventional therapy for post-intubation tracheal stenosis. Conclusions The general efficacy of interventional treatment for tracheal stenosis after tracheal intubation is poor, and the recurrence rate is still high. The high degree of tracheal stenosis, diabetes mellitus and upper tracheal stenosis are important factors that affect the efficacy of respiratory interventional therapy.
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics of tracheobronchial stenosis due to tracheobronchial tuberculosis (TBTB).MethodsWe recruited all patients diagnosed as TBTB within one year from four centers of Guangdong province, southern China. The prevalence, risk factors and bronchoscopy characteristics of tracheobronchial stenosis were analyzed. The location and pathological type of stenosis were also compared between different genders.ResultsA total of 345 patients were diagnosed with TBTB, 206 cases (59.7%) of which were concomitant with varying degrees of tracheobronchial stenosis. The stenosis was mainly located at upper lobe (50.0%) and gave priority to unilateral infiltration. The proportion of left and right-side stenosis were 53.9% and 44.2%, respectively. Forty-nine cases (23.8%) with tracheobronchia stenosis developed severe airway narrowing, the proportion of which was similar between left and right-side lung (49% vs. 51%). Severe stenosis in the left-side lung mainly involved in upper lobe (37.5%), main bronchus (37.5%) and the right-side mainly involved in upper lobe (44.0%), middle lobe or intermediate bronchus (40.0%). Among the TBTB patients, females, those with age ≥18 years, non-smokers, and those with symptom duration ≥4 weeks were more likely to be with tracheobronchial stenosis (P<0.05). The differences in gender between the patients with airway stenosis were as follows: the median age of female tracheobronchial stenosis patients was smaller than that of male patients (31 years vs. 43 years, P<0.05); stenosis were more likely involved in left side and main bronchus in female patients; ulceration necrosis of stenosis was more frequently seen in the female patients (P<0.05).ConclusionsTracheobronchial stenosis due to tracheobronchial tuberculosis is more frequently seen in young and middle-aged female patients. There are different stenosis location and lesion types between different genders.