【摘要】 目的 探讨肾镜结合气压弹道碎石治疗膀胱结石的临床疗效。 方法 分析2004年9月－2011年3月男性膀胱结石患者87例的临床资料。结石直径1.5~6.7 cm，使用肾镜结合气压弹道碎石术治疗，统计手术时间、手术并发症。随访3个月，观察有无尿道狭窄。 结果 所有患者碎石成功，平均手术时间为37 min，无残留结石，无膀胱穿孔、感染性休克、膀胱大出血等并发症；术后3个月随访，经尿道手术者均未发现尿道狭窄。 结论 肾镜下气压弹道碎石术是治疗膀胱结石安全、有效的方法。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via nephroscope in treating patients with bladder stones. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 87 patients with bladder stones from September 2004 to March 2011. The diameter of the stones were ranged from 1.5 to 6.7 cm. The patients underwent peneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via nephroscope. We recorded the operation time and complications, and observed the incidence of urethrostenosis 3 months after the beginning of the follow-up. Results All stones were fragmented and removed successfully. The average operation time was 37 minutes. No residual stone, bladder perforation, infective shock or severe bleeding of the bladder occurred. During the 3-month follow-up, no utethrostenosis occurred. Conclusion Pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy via nephroscope is a safe and efficient technique in treating bladder stones.