ObjectiveTo investigate effect of preoperative three-dimensional anorectal endosonography (3D-AREUS) in anal fistula surgery.MethodsA total of 100 patients with anal fistula who were admitted to the Chaoyang Central Hospital from December 2017 to December 2018 were included prospectively, then were randomly divided into ultrasound group and control group with 50 cases in each group. The preoperative examination was performed by 3D-AREUS in the ultrasound group, and preoperative routine examination, finger examination or probe exploration were performed in the control group. The postoperative recurrence and anal functions were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences in the gender, age, body mass index, anal surgery history, preoperative anal function, etc. between the two groups (P>0.05). The detection rate of branch fistulas in the ultrasound group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0.025). For the patients with complex anal fistula, compared with the control group, the location accuracy rate of internal opening was higher (P=0.014), the change value of preoperative and postoperative fecal incontinence score was lower (P=0.039), anorectal pressure status (resting pressure of anal canal, anal systolic pressure, and length of anal high pressure zone) were lower (P<0.05) in the ultrasound group; For the patients with simple anal fistula, which had no significant differences between the ultrasound group and control group (P>0.05). There were 4 cases of recurrence in each group.ConclusionsFor complex anal fistula, preoperative 3D-AREUS could clarify position of internal opening, presence of branching fistula, and the relationship between fistula and sphincter, so as to make accurate surgical plans, reduce secondary injuries, and retain postoperative anal function of patients.
Precision medicine is an individualized clinical research model established according to gene, environment, lifestyle and other information. As an innovative method of clinical trials, the main scheme design breaks the barriers of traditional randomized controlled trials to the evaluation of targeted therapies in precision medicine and improves the efficiency of clinical research. This paper will systematically introduce the types, concepts and principles of the main scheme design of the new method of precision medicine clinical trial design, and summarize the advantages and limitations of the main scheme design combined with classic cases, aiming at providing scientific and rigorous methodological guidance and clinical practice experience for precision medicine scientific research design.
ObjectiveTo study the curative effect and postoperative anorectal dynamics change of tissue-selecting therapy stapler (TST) and procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) respectively combined with mixed Milligan-Morgan and lauromacrgol injection in the treatment of Ⅲ–Ⅳ degree mixed hemorrhoid.MethodsClinical data of 158 patients with Ⅲ–Ⅳdegree mixed hemorrhoid who received operation in the Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chaoyang Central Hospital, from May 2016 to March 2018 were analyzed retrospectively, the observation group (TST+Milligan-Morgan+lauromacrgol injection, 80 cases) and control group (PPH+Milligan-Morgan+lauromacrgol injection, 78 cases). The clinical efficacy, adverse reactions, postoperative complications and recurrence of the two groups were observed, and the changes of anorectal dynamic indexes before and after operation were observed.ResultsPostoperative symptoms of mixed hemorrhoid prolapse could be alleviated by 100% in both the observation group and the control group, and the relief rate of hematochezia was 93.8% and 92.3%, respectively, and the effective rate of 1 year after surgery was 97.5% and 94.9%, respectively. Comparison between the two groups showed no statistical difference (P>0.05). The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, VAS pain score and hospital stay of the observation group were all better than those of the control group (P<0.05). In terms of postoperative massive hemorrhage and anastomotic stenosis, although the incidence rate of the control group was higher than that of the observation group (3.8% vs. 1.3% and 2.6% vs. 0.0%, respectively), there was no statistical significance in the two groups (P>0.05). Postoperative anal drop, stool urgency, postoperative urinary retention and postoperative stimulation of anal papilla hypertrophy and proliferation complications were significantly better in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). The difference of maximum anal systolic pressure (MASP) in the two groups of patients between before and after surgery and the comparison of MASP results between the two groups after surgery showed no statistical differences (P>0.05). The differences of resting anal sphincter pressure (RASP) and rectal sensory threshold volume (RSTV) between before and after operation were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The difference of rectal maximum threshold volume (RMTV) value and the comparison of RASP, RSTV and RMTV value between the two groups after surgery showed that the observation group were superior to the control group and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionsTST or PPH combined with Milligan-Morgan and lauromacrgol injection both are effective and minimally invasive methods for the treatment of Ⅲ–Ⅳ degree mixed hemorrhoid. However, the observation group has shorter operative time and hospital stay, less intraoperative blood loss, and lower postoperative pain score. What is more important is that the postoperative complications are less and the anal function is protected to the maximum extent, and the quality of life of patients after operation is greatly improved.
Objective To investigate the specific variables and influence factors of Harris scores in follow-up data of patients with internal fixation of femoral neck fracture. Methods From May 1999 to May 2004, 99 cases of femoral neck fracture receiving close reduction with cannulated screw and having complete follow-up data were evaluated in terms of age, sex, type of bone fracture (Garden classification), reduction time, reduction qual ity (Garden indicators), time of full weight-loading, removal of internal fixation, traction before operation, side of bone fracture, necrosis of femoral head, duration of follow-up and Harris score during follow-up period. Univariate and multivariate were analyzed by SPSS14.0 and SAS8.2. Results P-P probabil ity plot and normal test revealed the Harris scores were non-normal distribution (W=0.757 09, P=0.000 1). By nonparametric test in univatiate analysis, the following variables in Harris scores were of statistic significance: the time of reduction (U=— 2.289, P=0.022), the Garden classifaction (H=16.943, P=0.001), the time of full weight-bearing (U=— 3.069, P=0.002), the qual ity of reduction (U=— 3.448, P=0.001) and the necrosis of femoral head (U=— 4.723, P=0.000).By the analysis of correlation, the following variables in Harris scores were of statistic significance: Garden classification(rs=— 0.412, P=0.000), the time of reduction (rs=— 0.231, P=0.021), the qual ity of reduction (rs=— 0.348, P=0.000), the time of full weight-bearing (rs=— 0.310, P=0.002), and the necrosis of femoral head (rs=— 0.477, P=0.000). By the univariate logistic regression analysis, the following variables in Harris scores were of statistic significance: Garden classification (P=0.000 1), the time of reduction (P=0.012 6), the qual ity of reduction (P=0.000 3), the time of full weight-bearing (P=0.003 2), the traction before operation (P=0.049 2) and the necrosis of femoral head (P=0.000 1). By the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the influence factors of Harris scores rank included the necrosis of femoral head (P=0.000 1), the time of reduction (P=0.028 2), and Garden classification (P=0.000 7). Conclusion Harris scores is of non-normal distribution, and the necrosis of femoral head is the most important factor influencing the function after applying internal fixation with cannulated screws to femoral neck fracture.
Objective To evaluate changes of local flow field following implantation of a designed iliac venous stent. Methods Anin vitro physical model with iliocava junction was established. A modified iliac venous stent was implanted into one side and a conventional stent into the other side. The bilateral local flow fileds following implantation of stents were measured by using particle image velocimetry. Results The results of particle image velocimetry testing revealed that the main flow orientation was shifted to the right side and the region of slowly local flow was observed after implantation of conventional iliac venous stent. However, no evident changes were noted in the local flow field and no whirling flow was detected following implantation of the designed iliac venous stent. Conclusion Conventional stent is implanted into iliac vein by using a traditional technique and stent is proximal to heart and covers opening of contralateral iliac vein, which exerts certain influence upon local flow field. Local flow field has no obvious change following implantation of a designed iliac venous stent.