Objective To compare neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in age at diagnosis, gender and disease laterality. Methods One hundred fourteen nAMD patients (114 eyes) and 145 PCV patients (186 eyes) diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography were enrolled in this retrospective study. The age at diagnosis, gender and disease laterality of all the patients were collected. Independent sample t-test, chi;2 test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the age at diagnosis, gender and disease laterality between nAMD and PCV patients. Results The mean age at diagnosis of nAMD group and PCV group were (68.30plusmn;9.86), (65.67plusmn;9.04) years respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.168, P=0.031). The patients under 70 years old accounts for 50.88% in nAMD group, which is lower than that in PCV group (63.45%), the difference was statistically significant (chi;2 =4.138, P=0.042). The male/female ratio of nAMD group and PCV group were 3.56∶1 and 2.02∶1 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (chi;2 =3.937, P=0.047). Thirty patients (26.32%) and 41 patients (49.46%) were affected unilaterally in nAMD and PCV group, respectively. The difference of bilateral incidence between two groups was not statistically significant (chi;2 =0.123, P=0.726). There were 69 right eyes (47.92%) and 75 left eyes (52.08%) in nAMD group, 92 right eyes (49.46%) and 94 left eyes (50.54%) in PCV group. The difference of disease laterality between two groups was not statistically significant (chi;2 =0.078，P=0.637). Conclusions PCV patients present at younger age than nAMD. nAMD is more prone to affected males than PCV. Nearly a quarter patients are bilateral in nAMD or PCV, there is no difference in bilateral incidence between these two diseases.