ObjectivesTo provide reference for decision-making on prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence by assessing the prevalence of urinary incontinence in Chinese adult women. MethodsWe searched CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, CBM, PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library to collect cross-sectional studies on urinary incontinence in adult women in mainland China from inception to June 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software. ResultsA total of 20 studies were involved, including 90 126 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of urinary incontinence in adult women was 31.1% (95%CI: 28.3% to 34.0%). The subgroup analysis showed that stress urinary incontinence was the main subtype, of which was mainly with mild incontinence, with an average prevalence rate of 27.5% (95%CI: 22.6% to 32.4%) in urban areas and 32.5% (95%CI: 23.3% to 41.7%) in rural areas; 30.9% (95%CI: 26.8% to 35.1%) in the south and 31.4% (95%CI: 26.0% to 36.7%) in the north. The prevalence rate was rising from 2005 to 2008, and it remained at a high level in the following years, and the prevalence increased with age. ConclusionsThe prevalence of urinary incontinence in adult women in China has been at a high level since 2005. There has been no significant improvement in the past 10 years. Therefore, we should attach great importance to it and take appropriate interventions to prevent the occurrence of urinary incontinence.
ObjectivesTo analyze the research status and hot spots of hypertension-related clinical trials in special Chinese population registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), so as to provide a basis for the development of hypertension-related research in special population in China.MethodsThe ChiCTR was searched online (up to August 31st, 2019, no limitation in the status of trial registration), all clinical trials on hypertension in special population were collected, and the general characteristics, researched diseases, research types, intervention measures and main outcomes of the trials were analyzed.ResultsA total of 64 hypertension-related clinical trials in special population registered in the ChiCTR were included, including 41 (64.1%) trials registered in last 3 years. The registration status of 46 (71.9%) trials was pre-registration. The registered authors were mainly from colleges and universities or medical institutions (n = 61, 95.3%), of which 60.9% were registered in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Hebei. The researched diseases mainly included elderly hypertension and hypertensive stroke, accounting for 50% of the total. Additionally, 37 (57.8%) clinical trials were intervention studies, of which 21 (56.7%) were drug-based intervention studies. Blood pressure, blood glucose, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, blood lipid, cranial MRI and Glasgow Coma Scale were the commonly used outcomes, accounting for 58.5% of the total outcomes. Most blood pressure measurements did not indicate the measurement method (n = 22, 64.7%).ConclusionsThe quantity of hypertension-related clinical trials in special population registered on the ChiCTR is increasing, however, there exists regional imbalance. The drug intervention-related clinical trials of elderly hypertension have become a research hot spot. However, blood pressure measurement method is not indicated in most trials, and some researchers do not register in time. Therefore, it is suggested that researchers should further strengthen the awareness of carrying out high-quality clinical trials.