ObjectiveTo review the current situation of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) used in young patients with osteoarthritis. MethodsThe recent literature in the treatment of osteoarthritis with TKA in young patients was extensively reviewed. The characteristics, curative effect, and postoperative satisfaction degree of TKA in young patients were analyzed and summarized. ResultsYoung patients have longer life expectancy and higher activity, which may lead to much higher expectation of the TKA. Comparing with elderly patients, young patients obtain equal or better effectiveness after TKA, but they are likely to not be satisfied with the effects because of low survival rate of the prosthesis. At present, continuous development of implant design, prosthesis material, and operation technique are in progress to reduce wear, hence to prolong the implant survivorship so as to meet the desire of young patients. However, the studies of the big samples and long-term follow-up are required to confirm the clinical advantages of such developments. ConclusionWith the trend of TKA in young patients, surgeons should have a good understanding of the patients' demands, select suitable prosthesis and give appropriate preoperative counseling to build up an objective expectation of curative effect, which will lead to a better doctor-patient relationship.