目的:通过病例复查,找出前牙桩冠修复工作中的问题及不足,使前牙桩冠修复技术更加完善。方法:收集临床病例进行有关项目复查。结果:成品桩钉和铸造桩核固位效果无差异,烤瓷冠满意度100％。塑料冠外观差,对龈组织刺激性大,远期效果不理想。结论: 桩核的类型不影响桩冠的固位,金属烤瓷冠是前牙桩冠理想的修复材料。
Objective To explore and solve the key technologies of the three dimensional (3D) visual ization reconstruction of functional fascicular groups inside long segmented peri pheral nerve. Methods A 20 cm ulnar nerve from upper arm of fresh adult dead body was embedded by OCT with four pieces of woman’s hair which was used as locating material, then the samples were serially horizontally sl iced into 400 sl ices with 15 μm thickness and 0.5 mm interval. All sl iceswere stained with acetylcholinesterase (AchE) histochemical staining. After that, the 2D panorama images of the same sl ice were obtained with Olympus stereomicroscope and MSHOT MD90 micro figure image device before and after AchE staining. Using the layer processing technique of Photoshop image processing software, the recomposition images including complete 4 location pots were obtained, based on which the algorithm of optimized least square support vector machine (Optimized LS-SVM) and space transformation method was used to fulfill automatic registration. Finally, with artificial assistant outline obtaining, the 3D visual ization reconstruction model of functional fascicular groups of 20 cm ulnar nerve was made using Amira 4.1, and the effects of reverse reduction and the suitabil ity of 3D reconstruction software were evaluated. Results The two-time imaging technique based on the layer process of Photoshop image processing software had the advantages: the image outline had high goodness of fit; the locating pots of merging image was accurate; and the whole procedure was simple and fast. The algorithm of Optimized LS-SVM had high degree of accuracy, and the error rate was only 8.250%. The 3D reconstruction could display the changes of the chiastopic fusion of different nerve functional fascicular groups directly. It could extract alone, merge and combine arbitrarily, and revolve at any angles. Furthermore, the reverse reduction on arbitrarily level dissection of the 3D model was very accurately. Conclusion Based on the two-time imaging technique and computer image layer processing technology, the compute algorithm of auto-registration can be developed and appl ied to 3D visual ization reconstruction of long segmented peripheral nerve. The technological processes is fast, and the reconstruction effect is good.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the correlation between sleep quality and social support of the elderly.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Springerlink, ProQuest, CMB, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Data were searched to collect studies on the correlation between sleep quality and social support of the elderly from January 1996 to January 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 9 studies involving 2 427 elderly people were included. The meta-analysis showed that the combined correlation coefficient between sleep quality and social support was -0.40 (95%CI −0.54 to −0.26). The correlation between sleep quality and social support of the elderly varied with the year of publication and sample size, however without regular change. The correlation coefficient of the elderly from institutions (hospital or pension institutions) was higher than that of the community (−0.33 vs. −0.26); the correlation coefficient of the elderly with health problems was higher than those without health problems (−0.32 vs. −0.25); the results measured by non-random sampling method were higher than those measured by random sampling (−0.37 vs. −0.23); and the results measured by Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and social support rating scale (SSRS) were higher than those measured by PSQI and perceived social support scale (PSSS) (−0.30 vs. −0.13).ConclusionsThe higher the level of social support of the elderly in China, the lower the score of PSQI, and the better the sleep quality, in which there are differences in different sample sources and physical conditions.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the status of alexithymia in the Chinese elderly.MethodsCNKI, VIP, CBM, WanFang Data, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and The Cochrane Library databases were electronically searched to collect cross-sectional studies related to the epidemiological characteristics of alexithymia among the elderly in China from inception to February 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies; meta-analysis was then performed using Stata 16.0 software.ResultsA total of 11 cross-sectional studies involving 3 592 elderly individuals were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of alexithymia in the Chinese elderly was 36% (95%CI 30% to 42%), and the score of alexithymia was 58.59 (95%CI 54.60 to 62.57). Subgroup analyses indicated that the prevalence of alexithymia was 39% (95%CI 32% to 45%) in northern China, 33% (95%CI 30% to 37%) in northeast China, 36% (95%CI 31% to 41%) in eastern China, 51% (95%CI 44% to 58%) in central China, and 20% (95%CI 16% to 24%) in the southwest China. The prevalence rates of hospitalized, nursing home, and community elderly were 42% (95%CI 34% to 49%), 37% (95%CI 28% to 45%), and 29% (95%CI 20% to 38%), respectively. The scores of alexithymia were higher among the elderly males, 80 years or older, engaged in heavy physical work prior to retirement, suffering from severer chronic diseases, low education background, low monthly income, living alone, and low frequency of participation in group activities and visited by relatives.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that the overall prevalence of alexithymia is high in the Chinese elderly, and varies with regions. The levels of alexithymia among gender, age, occupation prior to retirement, number of chronic diseases, educational level, monthly income, habitation manner, the frequency of participating in group activities, and being visited by relatives and friends are different.