ObjectiveTo explore surgical techniques and follow-up results of concomitant transaortic repair for moderate functional mitral regurgitation (MR)during surgical treatment for aortic root or aortic valve disease. MethodsClinical data of 25 patients who underwent concomitant transaortic repair for moderate functional MR during surgical treat-ment for aortic root or aortic valve disease between January 2006 and June 2012 in Xinhua Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 18 male and 7 female patients with their age of 42-75 (57.9±9.6)years. All these patients had aortic root or aortic valve disease as well as concomitant moderate functional MR (type I Carpentier's classification). Aortic valve replacement or aortic root replacement and concomitant transaortic mitral valvuloplasty (MVP, commissure repair)were performed under general anesthesia, hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients were followed up at the outpatient department as well as with phone calls to evaluate the structures and function of the mitral valve and the heart. ResultsIntraoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed satisfactory MVP results as trivial residual MR in 2 patients and no MR or mitral stenosis in the other 23 patients. There was no in-hospital death in this group. Postoperative echocardiography showed that left atrial diameter and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension were significantly reduced than preoperative values (t=4.086, P=0.000;t=4.442, P=0.000), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)was significantly lower than preoperative LVEF (t=3.671, P=0.001). Postoperative mitral annulus diameter (MAD)was smaller than preoperative MAD (32.4±3.6 mm vs. 35.6±6.4 mm). Postoperative mitral valve pressure gradient (MVPG)(1.4±0.7 mm Hg vs. 1.5±0.7 mm Hg)and peak MVPG (3.7±2.2 mm Hg vs. 3.3±1.5 mm Hg)were no statistical difference than preoperative values. Twenty-three patients (92%)were followed up after discharge for 7-92 (50.4±25.3)months, and the other 2 patients were lost in follow-up. Three patients had mild MR during follow-up. Latest echocardiography examination showed MAD was 33.9±4.6 mm, MVPG was 1.3±0.6 mm Hg, and peak MVPG was 3.6±2.3 mm Hg. ConclusionConcomitant transaortic MVP during surgical treatment for aortic root or aortic valve disease is a safe, convenient and effective procedure for the treatment of moderate functional MR.