【摘要】 目的 通过建立活体大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型，模拟人类冠心病，研究聚合血红蛋白（PolyHb）在心肌缺血再灌注中的保护作用，探究PolyHb在冠心病领域中的保护和治疗作用。 方法 将45只Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠随机分成3组:实验组（15只）、对照组（15只）、假手术组（15只），建立大鼠心肌缺血模型。实验组建立动物模型后，结扎冠状动脉35 min，并于结扎后5 min，通过SD大鼠尾静脉按1 mL/min的速度注射1 mL（100 g/L）的PolyHb溶液。缺血完成后开放灌注120 min。对照组建立动物模型，结扎冠状动脉35 min，并于结扎后5 min，通过SD大鼠尾静脉按1 mL/min的速度注射1 mL生理盐水。缺血完成后开放灌注120 min。假手术组仅建立动物模型，但不结扎冠状动脉，也不再灌注。比较3组SD大鼠的血流动力学参数左室内压最大上升和下降速率、心肌酶（血清肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶）及病理学检查（梗死心肌占总心肌面积的百分比），来衡量PolyHb的作用。 结果 与对照组比较，用PolyHb处理的实验组可增强再灌注时左室内压最大上升和下降速率（Plt;0.05），减少血液中血清肌酸激酶和乳酸脱氢酶的含量（Plt;0.05），并明显减少心肌梗死面积百分比（Plt;0.05）。 结论 在心肌缺血的SD大鼠中，PolyHb可以有效的降低缺血再灌注损伤，从而达到心肌保护作用。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the protective effect of polymerized hemoglobin (PolyHb) for myocardial ischemia-reperfusion and explore the field of polymerized hemoglobin in the protection and treatment of human coronary heart disease, by simulating human coronary heart disease and establishing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model in living rats. Methods Forty-five Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: experimental group (n=15), control group (n=15), and sham operation (SHAM) group (n=15). Rat models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion were established. For the rats in the experimental group, we ligated their left coronary artery for 35 minutes, and injected 1 mL (100 g/L) PolyHb solution into their body at a speed of 1 mL/min 5 minutes later. After ischemia was completed, reperfusion was performed for 120 minutes. The procedures carried out for the rats in the control group were exactly the same except that the PolyHB solution was replaced by 1 mL saline solution. Ligation of the artery and reperfusion were not performed on the rats in the SHAM group. Hemodynamic parameters (maximal rising and falling rates of left ventricular pressure), enzymes (serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase) and results of histopathologic examinations (percentage of myocardial infarction area over the total myocardial area) were measured and compared among the three groups to evaluate the function of PolyHb. Results Compared with the control group, the experimental group treated with PolyHb had higher maximum rising and falling rates of left ventricular pressure (Plt;0.05), lower blood levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase (Plt;0.05), and lower percentage of myocardial infarction area over the total myocardial area (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Polymerized hemoglobin can effectively reduce the ischemia-reperfusion injury and achieve myocardial protection in SD rats with myocardial ischemia.
ObjectivesTo investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of hepatitis E among Anlu residents and to identify the influencing factors.MethodsA stratified random sampling method was used and 1 840 Anlu residents were recruited between March 2019 and September 2019. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors by SPSS 22.0 software.ResultsThe overall awareness rate of residents was 36.32%. There were statistically significant differences in age, occupation category and education (P<0.05). Qualification rate of awareness increased with age until age 40, but not with age after 40. Individuals occupationally exposed to swines (swine breeders, sales staff, slaughterers) had the lowest rates. Education level was positively associated with the qualification rate of awareness. The overall positive attitude rate was 53.89%. The overall healthy behavior rate was 82.95%.ConclusionsThe overall knowledge and awareness of hepatitis E among Anlu residents is low, especially individuals who have been occupationally exposed to swines. Health education and promotion programs are necessary.