ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of dupilumab in the treatment of moderate-to-severe asthma. MethodsA retrospective study was conducted among patients with moderate-to-severe asthma who were treated with dupilumab and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) combined with long acting beta-agonist (LABA) in Department of Respiratory, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital from May, 2021 to April, 2022. Paired t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was applied to compare the Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores, number of acute exacerbations per year, type 2 inflammatory biomarkers, blood total IgE and results of pulmonary function tests, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1 as percentage of predicted (FEV1%pred), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory flows (MEF) at 75% (MEF75), 50% (MEF50) and 25% (MEF25) of the vital capacity PEF, and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) or FEF25%-75%, at the end of follow-up with those before treatment. Adverse reactions were recorded during the treatment. ResultsA total of 47 patients with moderate-to-severe asthma were included in the study, among them 17 and 30 received treatment with dupilumab or ICS/LABA. At the time of 12 months after treatment with dupilumab, the patients' ACT score and pulmonary function tests were significantly increased compared with those at the baseline. In contrast, patients' fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), blood total IgE, blood basophil counts and annual acute exacerbations were significantly decreased in comparison with those at the baseline. The doses of oral corticosteroids added by 7 patients at the baseline was gradually reduced and finally discontinued after treatment of dupilumab. There were 4, 2, 1 and 1 patients developed injection site reaction, pruritus, erythema and fatigue, respectively, which were mild and recovered without treatment. There was no serious adverse reaction observed, and only 1 case developed herpes zoster which was recovered after treatment. ConclusionDupilumab shows marked efficacy in the treatment of moderate-to-severe asthma with favorable safety.