Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of oral appliance (OA) vs. continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods The following databases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, VIP, WanFang data and CNKI were searched from inception to November 30, 2012 to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on OA vs. CPAP in treating OSAHS. The relevant conference proceedings were also retrieved without limitation of type and publication time. In accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated quality. And then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Besides, the level of evidence was graded using GRADEpro 3.6 software. Results A total of 7 RCTs were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: a) compared with OA, CPAP significantly reduced the degree of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (WMD=9.13, 95%CI 8.77 to 9.50, Plt;0.000 01); and b) there was no significant difference in the Epworth sleeping scale (ESS) between OA and CPAP (WMD=0.00, 95%CI −0.12 to 0.12, P=0.97). Conclusion Compared with OA, CPAP takes remarkable effects in improving AHI for mild to moderate OSAHS, but it shows no significant difference in improving ESS. For the quality and quantity limitation of the included studies, this conclusion still needs to be proved by conducting more high quality RCTs.
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the single nucleotide polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-23R gene and susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in Southwest Chinese Han population.MethodsA total of 680 pulmonary tuberculosis patients (pulmonary tuberculosis group) and 680 healthy controls (healthy control group) diagnosed or examined between January 2014 and February 2016 were recruited from West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) method was used to detect the polymorphism of rs1495965, rs7518660, rs7532161, rs10889677 and rs11465802 of IL-23R gene. The differences in allele frequency distribution, genotype, and genetic model of these five loci between pulmonary tuberculosis patients and healthy control were conducted by using SPSS20.0 and PLINK 1.07. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis were also carried out by Haploview 4.2.ResultsFinally, 657 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 669 healthy controls were enrolled for further analyzed. The difference in the allele frequency distribution A (P=0.048), AA genotype (P=0.048) and additive model AA/GG (P=0.048) in rs1495965 was significant between the pulmonary tuberculosis group and healthy control group when we adjusted the gender and age. However, after correction by Bonferroni, the differences in allele frequency distribution, genotype and additive model of all these five loci between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). rs7518660, rs10889677 and rs11465802 had strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other (r2>0.80); however, there was no association between haplotype GCA and tuberculosis susceptibility (P=0.343).ConclusionsThere is no association between rs1495965, rs7518660, rs7532161, rs10889677 and rs11465802 of IL-23R gene and genetic pulmonary tuberculosis susceptibility in Southwest Chinese Han population. To add loci in the coding region and analysis in different populations is necessary.
ObjectiveTo analyze hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype distribution and drug-resistant mutations in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, providing basis for hepatitis B individualized treatment.MethodsA total of 786 chronic hepatitis B patients admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2016 to December 2018 were enrolled in the study. Genotype and drug-resistant mutations were analyzed by Sanger sequencing, and statistical analysis was conducted by χ2 test.ResultsThree genotypes (B, C and D) were identified in 786 samples, 489 (62.2%) in genotype B, 291 (37.0%) in genotype C , and 6 (0.8%) in genotype D. The distribution differences of B and C genotypes in age and ethnic groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Among them, 627 cases had drug-resistant mutations, with a drug-resistant mutation rate of 79.8%. A total of 262 cases (33.3%) were resistant to lamivudine and tibivudine, 102 cases (13.0%) were resistant to lamivudine, tibivudine and entecavir; 83 cases (10.6%) were resistant to adefovir dipivoxil. No tenofovir resistant strains were detected in 786 samples. There were statistically significant differences in drug resistance between B and C genotypes (χ2=14.356, P<0.01). The most common single mutation was M204I [179 cases (22.8%)], followed by 46 cases (5.9%) of A181V/T associated with adefovir dipivoxil resistance. The most common mixed mutation was L180M+M204V/I in 83 cases (10.6%), and another 102 cases (13.0%) showed M250V and/or V173L and/or T184A/G/S/I and/or S202G/I with L180M+M204V/I.ConclusionsHBV genotypes in West China Hospital of Sichuan University are mainly B and C, and the situation of drug resistance is severe and the mutation pattern is complex. Therefore, detecting HBV genotype and drug resistance mutation is necessary, which may develop better clinical treatments.
Objective To observe the effects of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) exposure from two sources of motor vehicle exhaust (MVE) and biomass fuel (BMF) on the heart and lung tissues of rats. Methods Thirty rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, and they were exposed to clean air (control group), MVE (MVE group) and BMF (BMF group) for 12 weeks, respectively. The effect of long-term PM exposure on the morphological structure of heart and lung tissues was investigated by tissue and cell morphological observations, Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry. ResultsCompared with rats in the control group, the rats in the MVE group and the BMF group showed cellular degeneration, increased number of interstitial inflammatory cells, fibrous tissue proliferation, and cell apoptosis in the heart and lung tissues of the PM-exposed rats. ConclusionExposure to air pollution particulate matter for 12 weeks can significantly cause inflammatory and damage to the heart and lung tissues of rats.
Objective To explore the relationships between the polymorphisms of inhibitor genes WIF1 and DKK1 in WNT signaling pathway and susceptibility to tuberculosis, clinical characteristics and laboratory indexes. Methods From December 2014 to November 2016, 475 tuberculosis patients and 370 healthy controls of West China Hospital of Sichuan University were enrolled in the study, and the clinical data of the subjects were collected. High-throughput genotyping technique was used to detect the polymorphisms of WIF1 rs58635985 and DKK1 rs11001548 in WNT signaling pathway. The allele frequency distribution, genotype, genetic model, clinical features and laboratory indexes of two single nucleotide polymorphisms were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic regression analysis. Results There was no significant difference in the allele frequency distribution (P=0.275, 0.949), genotype (P=0.214, 0.659) or genetic models: additive model (P=0.214, 0.659), dominant model (P=0.414, 0.827), recessive model (P=0.227, 0.658) of rs58635985 and rs11001548 between the tuberculosis group and the healthy control group. Subgroup analysis showed no significant difference in allele and genotype distribution between rs58635985 and rs11001548 (pulmonary tuberculosis group vs. healthy control group: P>0.05; pulmonary tuberculosis groupvs. extra-pulmonary tuberculosis group: P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the clinical features (fever, night sweat, fatigue,etc.) or laboratory indexes (complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, TB-DNA, etc.) (P>0.05). Conclusions There is no association between rs58635985 of WIF1 gene or rs11001548 of DKK1 gene and genetic susceptibility, clinical characteristics and laboratory indexes in Han population in Western China. To expand the sample size for verification and analysis in different populations is necessary.
Objective To analyze the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene polymorphism and haplotype frequency and distribution in Han patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) in Sichuan province, and explore the correlation of HLA gene polymorphism and haplotype with the susceptibility to ESRD in Sichuan Han patients. Methods Polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific oligonucleotide probe hybridization typing technique was used to detect the HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, and -DQB1 genotypes of Han patients with ESRD and healthy participants. The allele and haplotype frequencies in the ESRD group and the control group were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Arlequin 3.5.2.2 softwares. Results A total of 756 ESRD patients and 1118 healthy participants were enrolled. In the four loci of HLA-A, -B, -DRB1, and -DQB1, the frequency of HLA-B*39 allele in the ESRD group was higher than that in the control group [3.37% vs. 2.19%; χ2=4.850, P=0.028, odds ratio (OR)=1.558, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.047, 2.319)], the frequency of HLA-DQB1*06 allele in the ESRD group was lower than that in the control group [17.39% vs. 21.20%; χ2=8.264, P=0.004, OR=0.783, 95%CI (0.662, 0.925)], and the frequency of HLA-DQB1*04 allele in the ESRD group was higher than that in the control group [7.41% vs. 5.46%; χ2=5.867, P=0.015, OR=1.386, 95%CI (1.063, 1.807)]. The frequencies of 10 haplotypes, including HLA-A*11-B*39, HLA-DRB1*15-DQB1*06, and HLA-DRB1*04-DQB1*04, were significantly different between the ESRD group and the control group (P<0.05), among which 9 haplotypes were possibly susceptible to ESRD and 1 haplotype was possibly protective. Conclusions HLA gene polymorphism is closely related to the susceptibility to ESRD. HLA-B*39 and HLA-DQB1*04 may be susceptible genes for ESRD in Sichuan Han patients, while HLA-DQB1*06 may be a protective gene. In addition, 10 HLA haplotypes are possibly associated with the susceptibility to ESRD in Sichuan Han patients.