Objective To explore effect of DLL4 gene in MCF-7 cells of human breast cancer which was inhibitted by short hair in RNA （shRNA） on inducing apoptosis and chemosensitivity to docetaxel. Methods Specific shRNA was designed in accordance with DLL4 gene and transfected into MCF-7 cells of human breast cancer with liposomal （Lip-shRNA group）， MCF-7 cells transfected with only liposomal as Lip group， and control group without any treatment. Expressions of DLL4 protein in 3 groups were detected by immunohistochemical method， apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were examined by flow cytometry （FCM）. Proliferations and sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to docetaxel in 3 groups were determined by methylthiazoyl-tetrazolium bromide （MTT）. Results The averages optical density value and rate of positive area of Lip-shRNA group were significantly lower than that of other 2 groups （P＜0.01）. The levels of A value at 24h， 48h， and 72h in Lip-shRNA group were significantly lower than that of other 2 groups （P＜0.01）. Rates of cell apoptosis at 24h， 48h， 72h and 96 h in Lip-shRNA group were significantly higher than that of other 2 goups （P＜0.05），and ratio of G2/M was higher too （P＜0.05）. IC50 of Lip-shRNA group to docetaxel was significantly lower than that of other 2 groups （P＜0.05）. Conclusions The RNA interference technology can effectively block the expression of DLL4 gene. Inhibition of DLL4/Notch signaling pathway can lead to proliferation inhibition of cancer cell and a concomitant increase in cells undergoing apoptosis， and can enhance the cell sensitivity to docetaxel. DLL4 may be an important target for therapeutic approach of breast cancer.
Abstract： Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of total thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy for the treatment of early-stage peripheral lung carcinoma, pulmonary metastases and benign pulmonary diseases. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 20 patients who received total thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from March 2008 to November 2011. There were ten male and ten female patients with a mean age of 58.0（14-86）years. Three ports were used. The pulmonary artery and vein of the segment were dealt with Hem-o-lok or stapler. The bronchi of the segment were dealt with staplers. Staplers were used in peripheral lung of intersegmental plane. Results All the twenty patients underwent total thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy successfully without any conversion to thoracoctomy or lobectomy. No perioperative morbidity or mortality occurred. Postoperative pathological examinations showed lung cancer in 10 patients, pulmonary metastases in 3 patients and benign pulmonary diseases in 7 patients. The mean operative time was 133.0（90-240）min. The mean blood loss was 85.0（50-200）ml. The chest tubes were maintained in position for 3.2 （2-7） d. The mean postoperative hospitalization time was 6.7 （4-11）d. Conclusion Total thoracoscopic anatomic pulmonary segmentectomy is a feasible and safe technique to be used selectively for Ⅰa stage lung cancer, pulmonary metastases and benign pulmonary diseases that are not appropriate for wedge resection.
Objective To summarize the experiences of applying gastric tube in minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE), in order to assess its feasibility and safety. [WTHZ]Methods From June 2004 to August 2009, MIE was performed on 102 patients with esophageal carcinoma, including 71 males and 31 females whose age ranged from 37 to 79 years old with an average age of 61.1. Among them, 62 patients underwent thoracoscopic laparotomy 3-incision esophagectomy, 35 patients underwent thoracoscopic and laparoscopic 3-incision esophagectomy and 5 patients underwent thoracotomy and laparoscopic esophagectomy. Prevertebral reconstruction was performed on 58 patients and retrosternal reconstruction was performed on 44 patients. [WTHZ]Results All operations were performed successfully with a perioperative mortality rate of 2.0%(2/102) and a postoperative complication rate of 41.2%(42/102). The complications included anastomotic leakage, anastomotic stricture and lung infection. The complication rate was higher in the retrosternal group than in the prevertebral group (56.8% vs. 29.3%, Plt;0.05). Anastomotic leakage rate in the retrosternal group was also higher than that in the prevertebral group (34.1% vs. 6.9%, Plt;0.05). There was no significant difference in anastomotic stenosis, gastric fistula, dysfunction of gastric emptying, heart and lung complications, chylothorax and injury of recurrent laryngeal nerve between the two groups. [WTHZ]Conclusion Gastric tube is an effective way for reconstruction of the digestive tract after minimally invasive esophagectomy. The choice of prevertebral reconstruction or retrosternal reconstruction should be based on each individual patient.
Objective To study the expressions of Delta-like ligand 4 （DLL4） and S100A4 in breast carcinoma of differect molecular subtypes and explore its clinical significance. Methods The expressions of DLL4 and S100A4 in all molecular subtypes were tested by SP immunohistochemistry in 108 cases of breast carcinoma and 40 cases of paracancerous tissues from Taihe Hospital. The Luminal A， Lumianl B， HER-2 over-expression， and basal-like subtypes was 51， 26， 17， and 14 cases， respectively. Then the correlation of DLL4 and S100A4 expression with patients’ clinical and pathological features were analyzed. Results The positive expression rates of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma was 67.6%（73/108）and 62.0%（67/108）respectively， which were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues〔22.5%（9/40） and 45.0%（18/40）〕， P＜0.05. The positive expression rates of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma tissues of HER-2 over-expression and basal-like subtypes were significantly higher than those in breast carcinoma tissues of Luminal A and Luminal B subtypes （P＜0.05）. The expressions of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma tissues with lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis were significantly different（P＜0.05）. There was positiver elationship between the expressions of DLL4 and S100A4 in breast carcinoma tissues（rs=0.217，P＜0.01）. Conclusions DLL4 and S100A4 are highly expressed in breast carcinoma tissues of HER-2 over-expression and basal-like subtypes， and are all related with prognosis of breast carcinoma. These results suggest that they might be important factors in breast carcinogenesis and tumor development， metastasis. These proteins are indicators of metastasis and predictors for prognosis of breast carcinoma.
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the G196A and C270T polymorphism and epilepsy.MethodsDatabase including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wan fang data were retrieved upto September, 2017 to collect the case-control study concerning BDNF two polymorphisms G196A/C270T and epilepsy. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of methodology. Then Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software.Results①A total of 9 studies were included in the Meta-analysis between BDNF G196A and epilepsy. The studies included 1841 epilepsy patients and 6467 healthy control subjects. The G allele increase the risk of epilepsy[OR=1.13, 95%CI (1.06–1.21), P=0.0001]. When stratified by Asian and western subgroup, a similar trend of associated was detected with Asian epilepsy patients [OR=1.13, 95%CI (1.05–1.20), P=0.0004]. When stratified by epilepsy type, the G allele increase the risk of temporal lobe epilepsy [OR=1.18, 95%CI (1.04–1.34), P=0.008]. ② The Meta-analysis between BDNF C270T and epilepsy included 4 studies, 594 epilepsy patients and 738 healthy control subjects. The result suggested the frequency of the CT genotype and of the C270T T allele was not associated with epilepsy.ConclusionsBDNF G196A polymorphism is a susceptibility locus for temporal lobe epilepsy and Asian epilepsy patients.
ObjectiveTo increase the advantage and decrease the disadvantage of posterior approach for uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) right upper lobectomy.MethodsData of 97 consecutive patients who received uniportal VATS right upper lobectomy using posterior approach in the semiprone position were retrospectively analyzed from Dec, 2014 to Dec, 2017. There were 41 males and 56 females at age of 26–79 (57.8±10.6) years. The hilar structure was cut from posterior to anterior one by one. The mediastinal lymph nodes were dissected if lung cancer was diagnosed.ResultsNinety three of 97 patients were successfully completed with uniportal VATS right upper lobectomy using posterior approach, 3 of them were completed with posterior approach combined with anterior approach, and 1 of them needed thoracotomy. The mean operative time was 76–192 (127.0±32.0) min. The thoracic drainage time was 2–20 (3.4±2.7) d. The postoperative length of hospital stay was 3–23 (5.4±3.1) d. There were postoperative complications in 7 patients and no postoperative mortality.ConclusionPosterior approach for uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery right upper lobectomy is safe and feasible, which can decrease the fatigue of both the surgeon and the assistant. It also provides with better exposure of posterior mediastinum, less dragging lung, and less interference of the instruments and help keep the clear surgical field. In complicated cases, posterior approach could combine with anterior approach to complete the VATS lobectomy.
ObjectiveTo analyze the safety and feasibility of the adhesion dissection in transaxillary uniportal thoracoscopy for palmar hyperhidrosis.MethodsData of 168 patients, including 77 males and 91 females with an average age of 14 - 41 (24.3±5.4) years, who received transaxillary uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for palmar hyperhidrosis from January 2015 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Severe adhesion was found in 4 patients and mild adhesion was found in 12 patients. Artificial pneumothorax was used to help dissect adhesion. Preoperative CT scan could help locate the rib according to the relative position to azygos vein or aotic arch.ResultsAll of 168 patients were successfully completed with transaxillary uniportal VATS. Then chest tubes were put in the 4 severe adhesion patients. The tube was removed from one patient after 11 days because of air leak, and from the other three patients on the next day. The other 164 patients with or without adhesion were discharged from hospital on the operation day or the next day.ConclusionAdhesion dissection in transaxillary uniportal VATS for palmar hyperhidrosis is safe and feasibile.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the application status of Delphi method in clinical research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).MethodsPubMed, EMbase, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect original research and methodological research on Delphi method in TCM from inception to August 30th, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and then, descriptive analysis was performed by using qualitative methods.ResultsA total of 612 articles involving 573 original studies and 39 methodological studies were included, which involved 167 types of diseases. The primary research purposes were disease diagnosis and treatment, syndrome research, scale development, evaluation research, index research, clinical investigation, methodology research, and other 8 categories. 487 papers reported the implementation process and results of Delphi method in varying degrees.ConclusionsDelphi method is widely used in clinical research of TCM, however, there are deficiencies in the specific implementation process.
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma in situ is reclassified as precursor glandular lesions in the fifth edition of WHO classification of thoracic tumours, causing widespread attention and heated debate among domestic thoracic oncologists, radiologists, pathologists and surgeons. We would like to comment on the topic and make a few suggestions on the management of pulmonary nodule during lung cancer screening. We are open to all suggestion and welcome debates.
ObjectiveTo analyze the drug-resistant phenotype and genotype characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in a traditional Chinese medicine hospital from 2016 to 2018, to provide guidance for clinical rational drug use and effective anti-infection treatment.MethodsA total of 2 901 Enterobacteriaceae bacteria strains isolated from January 2016 to December 2018 were selected, and CRE strains were screened by microdilution test and Kirby-Bauer methods. CRE strains with successful seed preservation and detailed clinical data were selected for carbapenemase phenotype confirmation test, drug-resistant gene amplification, and sequencing comparison.ResultsThe 101 CRE strains collected between 2016 and 2018 were mainly Klebsiella pneumonia (73.27%, 74/101) and Escherichia coli (14.85%, 15/101), and the specimens were mainly from sputum (63.37%, 64/101) and catheter urine (11.88%, 12/101). The phenotypic test results of carbapenemase showed that 94 strains were positive in modified Hodge test, with a positive rate of 93.07%, 96 strains were positive in Carba NP test, with a positive rate of 95.05%, and 98 strains were positive in modified carbapenem inactivation method test, with a positive rate of 97.03%. Drug-resistant genes were detected in 92 (91.01%) of the 101 CRE strains, sequencing results showed that 66 (65.35%) carried blaKPC-2 gene, 4 (3.96%) carried blaKPC-19 gene, 9 (8.91%) carried blaNDM-1 gene, and 13 (12.87%) carried blaNDM-5 gene. No CRE strains carrying two resistance genes were detected. Among them, Klebsiella pneumoniae strains mainly carried blaKPC-2 gene (82.43%, 61/74), and Escherichia coli strains mainly carried blaNDM-5 gene (86.67%, 13/15), which were consistent with the main epidemic genotype in China.ConclusionsIn recent three years, the CRE strains in this hospital mainly included Klebsiella pneumoniae with blaKPC-2 gene and Escherichia coli with blaNDM-5 gene. According to the results of this test, we can reasonably select antimicrobial agents in combination with the drug sensitivity report from the microbial laboratory, so as to delay the growth of drug-resistant strains and prevent hospital transmission of multidrug-resistant bacteria.