【摘要】 目的 探讨类风湿关节炎患者家属的健康教育需求及获得健康教育的途径。 方法 2007年6月-2009年5月，我科健康教育小组采用问卷调查法对96名类风湿关节炎患者家属进行健康教育需求调查，调查内容包括家属对类风湿疾病相关知识的了解程度、健康教育需求及获得知识的途径。 结果 本组患者家属普遍对类风湿关节炎的护理知识认识不够，最希望了解类风湿关节炎药物治疗、功能锻炼、饮食及心理指导的相关知识；电视、广播等媒体的宣传和电话咨询是其获得类风湿关节炎疾病相关知识的主要途径；对获得健康教育途径的选择具有多样性。 结论 类风湿关节炎患者家属普遍缺乏类风湿关节炎相关护理知识，开展多种形式的健康教育是完全必要的。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the requirement and paths of health education on the family members of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods From June 2007 to May 2009, family members of 96 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were investigated with questionnaire. The questions included the knowledge of rheumatoid arthritis, health education requirement and the path to obtain the knowledge. Results The family members of the patients knew a few of the nursing knowledge of rheumatoid arthritis. They wanted to know about the medication for rheumatoid arthritis, functional practice, diet and psychological instruction. The paths of obtaining the knowledge were various. Conclusion The family members of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis lack the knowledge of nursing rheumatoid arthritis; it is necessary to give the health education to the family members in various ways.
Objective To investigate the etiology of pleural effusions. Methods All adult patients with pleural effusions of unknown etiology admitted to this hospital between January 2011 and December 2013 were investigated. The etiological data of these patients with pleural effusion were retrospectively reviewed. Results During the 3-year period, 1 541 patients eventually were included in this study. The most frequent cause of pleural effusions was bacterial infection (38.7%), followed by malignancy (23.7%), congestive heart failure (13.1%), and tuberculosis (10.7%). The etiology of 120 patients (7.8%) remained uncertain. Conclusions The most frequent cause of pleural effusion is bacterial infection, followed by malignancy, cardiac failure, and tuberculosis. These four etiologies account for over 85 percent of all pleural effusions.
Objective To evaluate the significance of serum colon cancer-specific antigen-2 （CCSA-2） in diagnosisof colorectal cancer （CRC）. Methods By using ELISA method， the serum CCSA-2 was measured from 105 patients with 5 kinds of diseases， including CRC， gastric cancer， inguinal hernia， acute appendicitis， and breast cancer， who weretreated in our hospital from Jul. to Dec. in 2008， and 20 health donors were enrolled in addition. The blood samples were collected on 3 days before surgery， but blood samples from patients with acute appendicitis were collected before emergencysurgery， blood samples of health donors were collected on 1 day before ELISA test. Results The level of serum CCSA-2 in CRC patients was （99.27±6.25） μg/L， which was significantly higher than those of other patients and health individuals〔（53.58±2.73） μg/L， t=48.29， P=0.000〕. Serum CCSA-2 at a cutoff of 73.96μg/L had a sensitivity of 100% （95% CI：100%-100%） and a specificity of 100% （95% CI：100%-100%） in separating CRC populations from all other indivi-duals by using receiver operator characteristic curve （ROC） analysis. As compared with carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） and CA19-9， the serum CCSA-2 assay （at a cutoff of 73.96μg/L） was significantly more sensitive than CEA and CA19-9 assay in CRC detection （P＜0.01）. Serum CCSA-2 was not related with patients’ gender （P=0.81）， age （P=0.59）， TNM stage （P=0.85）， Dukes stage （P=0.63）， nuclear grade （P=0.44）， as well as expressions of multidrug resistance associated protein （P=0.33）， P-glycoprotein （P=0.72）， and topoisomeraseⅡ（P=0.95）， but higher in patients with colon cancer than those of patients with rectal cancer （P=0.02）. Conclusion Serum CCSA-2 may be a useful biomarker in diagnosis of CRC， and it may be only related to tumorigenesis， but is irrelated to tumor progression and chemotherapy.