Objective To research on the effect of protoparaxaxotrid saporlirs (PTS), active component in Sanqi Tongshu Capsule, on the expressions of the serum level of IL-6 and VEGF of patients with the acute cerebral infarction at different time points. Method 86 patients were randomly divided into two groups: PTS group and Nimodipine group, healthy person as control group. ELISA was applied to measure the serum level of IL-6 and VEGF in during different phases (3 d, 7 d, 14 d and 28 d after the onset of cerebral infarction). Results The expressions of VEGF rose significantly in the all of ACI patients. The expressions of IL-6 rose significantly on third day, then began to decrease. The serum level of IL-6 declined significantly (Plt;0.05) and the serum level of VEGF rose in both of PTS group and Nimodipine group in contrast with control group (Plt;0.01). Conclusion PTS can promote the expressions of VEGF after the cerebral infarction at different time points, and decrease the expressions of IL-6 in the early period of ACI, decreased，which may be one of the molecular mechanisms of this PTS in treating acute cerebral infarction.
Objective Secondary osteoporosis is very common in patients with primary osteoporosis. Diabetes is a known cause of secondary osteoporosis. While type I diabetes has been clearly linked with diabetic osteoporosis, the effect of type II diabetes on bone health is controversial.Methods In the present study, we investigated the associations between type II diabetes and osteoporosis as well as fractures at different skeletal sites in Women’s Health Initiative participants.Results Common risk factors such as age, race, BMI, HRT use, and the history of fractures were significantly associated with osteoporosis and fractures in this study population. Diabetic women appeared to have a decreased risk of osteoporosis although it no longer remained significant after adjusting for other risk factors (crude HR=0.78, 95%CI 0.61 to 0.99; adjusted HR=0.93, 95%CI 0.73 to 1.19). The impact of diabetes on fractures varied at different body sites. There was a significant increase of risk of hip fracture (HR=2.54, 95%CI 1.14 to 5.66), but not spine fracture (HR=1.71, 95%CI 0.81 to 3.60) and arm fracture (HR=0.92, 95%CI 0.48 to 1.76) among the women with diabetes. Although the overall risk of fractures in diabetic women did not differ significantly from non-diabetic women (HR=1.37, 95%CI 0.89 to 2.09), the difference had a two-fold increase and was statistically significant after 2,000 days (HR=2.01, 95%CI 1.21 to 3.35), indicating a different hazard at different stages of diabetes.Conclusion Our findings suggest that type II diabetes may not be clearly associated with osteoporosis, it increases a site-specific fracture risk at least in the hip. In addition, the overall fracture risk appears to increase in a time-dependent manner.
Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of dynamic hip screw (DHS) + anti-rotation screw and cannulated screw alone for femoral neck fracture in adults. Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, Wanfang, and Chongqing VIP database were searched for the literature related to the comparison between DHS + anti-rotation screw and cannulated screw alone for femoral neck fracture in adults from the establishment of databases to 2022. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results Finally, 25 clinical studies were included, including 8 randomized controlled trials and 17 observational studies, 5 in English and 20 in Chinese. There were a total of 2099 patients, including 989 in the DHS + anti-rotation screw group and 1110 in the cannulated screw group. The meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of bone nonunion [odds ratio (OR)=0.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.17, 0.48)], incidence of femoral head necrosis [OR=0.48, 95% CI (0.27, 0.88)], failure rate of internal fixation [OR=0.28, 95% CI (0.15, 0.51)] in the DHS + anti-rotation screw group were lower than those in the cannulated screw group (P<0.05). The surgical duration [mean difference (MD)=9.91, 95% CI (6.78, 13.05)], incision length [MD=1.25, 95% CI (0.15, 2.35)], and Harris score [MD=6.77, 95% CI (4.66, 8.88)] in the DHS + anti-rotation screw group were higher than those in the cannulated screw group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in intraoperative bleeding volume, Visual Analogue Scale score, hospital stay, and fracture healing time between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of bone nonunion in the DHS + anti-rotation screw group after Pauwels type Ⅲ fracture [OR=0.16, 95% CI (0.05, 0.50)] was lower than that in the cannulated screw group (P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of femoral head necrosis between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions For femoral neck fracture in adults, DHS + anti-rotation screw can reduce the incidence of bone nonunion, femoral head necrosis, and internal fixation failure compared with cannulated screw alone, and has a higher Harris score, but the surgical duration and incision are longer. Overall, DHS + anti-rotation screw are better at reducing the incidence of complications than cannulated screws alone.
The UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published guideline of mental wellbeing at work on March 2, 2022. The guideline covers how to create the right conditions for mental wellbeing in the workplace, with the aim of promoting supportive and inclusive workplace environments and helping people with or at potential risk of mental health problems. This review will interpret the guidelines in detail.
Objective To investigate the effective, economic and viable long-term mechanism of Sichuan college students’ social practice. Methods A questionnaire was designed to investigate the students from North Sichuan Medical College and other 7 colleges in Sichuan province randomly. A secondary research of China students social practice status was combined and the results of Sichuan and other areas were compared. Results A total of 2 200 questionnaires were issued, of which 1 920 effective ones were taken back with the recovery rate of 87.27%. The most common forms of social practice were social investigation (47.5%), public welfare labor (42.3%), novitiate/internship (38.7%); the most interesting contents of social practice were social morality education (54.79%), credit morality education (53.07%), professional skill education (51.88%), and near 80% college students thought the contents had close relationships with their major. College students hoped that the contents could combine their job-hunting, characteristics of their major, local economy, and needs of social development. The social practice department they wanted to go most was public welfare or civil service departments (43.7%), corporations (27.8%), and government bodies (19.2%). The most difficult thing was to get connected with target department, shortage of fund, empty topics, hard-to-determine practice projects (44.1%), and lack of teachers’ guidance (43.6%). Degree of satisfaction from the students was moderate. Compared with other universities, social practice of Sichuan undergraduate students had broader coverage and was more closely related to students’ majors with more attention on the combination with moral education and employment. Conclusion Sichuan college students have higher expectations of social practice. However, the range and the time of actual participation are limited. The students are not very satisfied with status of social practice. The social practice of Sichuan college students should give prominence to the local features, be close to the students and serve the local place, strengthen the construction of practice bases, and establish effective systems of teacher training, funding, principle security mechanism and evaluation system.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) and non-osteotomy techniques in treatment of medium-to-severe kyphoscoliosis by retrospective studies. Methods Between January 2005 and January 2009, 99 patients with medium-to-severe kyphoscoliosis were treated by PSO (PSO group, n=46) and non-osteotomytechnique (non-osteotomy group, n=53) separately. There was no significant difference in sex, age, Cobb angle of scol iosis on coronal plane, and Cobb angle of kyphosis on saggital plane between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05). The operation time and blood loss were recorded; the Cobb angle of scol iosis on coronal plane and kyphosis on sagittal plane were measured at pre- and postoperation to caculate the rates of correction on both planes. Results The operation was successfully completed in all the patients. The operation time and blood loss of the patients in PSO group were significantly greater than those of the patients in non-osteotomy group (P lt; 0.05). All patients were followed up 12-56 months (mean, 22.4 months); no spinal cord injury occurred, and bone fusion was achieved at last follow-up. The Cobb angles of scol iosis and kyphosis at 2 weeks and last follow-up were significantly improved when compared with the preoperative angles in the patients of 2 groups (P lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in Cobb angle of scol iosis and the rate of correction between 2 groups (P gt; 0.05), but the correction loss of PSO group was significantly smaller than that of non-osteotomy group (P lt; 0.05) at last follow-up. At 2 weeks and last follow-up, the Cobb angle of kyphosis, the rate of correction, and correction loss were significantly better in PSO group than in non-osteotomy group (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion There is no signifcant difference in scol iosis correction between PSO and non-osteotomy techniques.PSO can get better corrective effect in kyphosis correction than non-osteotomy technique, but the operation time and blood losswould increase greatly.
Objective To investigate the mRNA expressions of liver X receptor α (LXRα), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), steroid xenobiotic receptor (SXR) and liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) gene in patients with cholesterol gallstone (CGS) disease in order to elucidate the biomolecular pathogenesis of gallstone formation. Methods Twenty-seven patients with CGS (CGS group) and 10 controls without gallstones (control group) were included in this study. Serum lipid composition (total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, apoprotein B, apoprotein A1), gallstone cholesterol concentration and biliary composition (cholesterol, bile salts, lecithin) were assayed. Biliary total lipid and cholesterol saturation index (CSI) were calculated. mRNA expressions of LRH-1, FXR, SXR and LXRα gene were determined by real-time polymorphism chain reaction. Results Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration was lower in CGS group than that in control group 〔(0.93±0.05) mmol/L vs (1.33±0.09) mmol/L, P＜0.001〕 and serum apoprotein A1 was also lower in CGS group than that in control group 〔(1.19±0.05) g/L vs (1.36±0.06) g/L, P＜0.05〕. There were no differences in serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and apoprotein B between two groups (Pgt;0.05). CSI was higher in CGS group than that in control group (1.17±0.02 vs 0.79±0.10), P＜0.001. Biliary cholesterol was also higher in CGS group than that in control group 〔(7.96±0.39) mol% vs (5.26±0.89) mol%, P＜0.01〕, while biliary total lipid was lower in CGS group than that in control group 〔(104.72±10.51) g/L vs (154.24±14.20) g/L, P＜0.05〕. There were no differences in bile salts and lecithin between two groups (Pgt;0.05). Expression of LRH-1 gene was higher in CGS group than that in control group (14.18±1.80 vs 7.22±2.22), the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). There were no differences in mRNA expressions of LXRα, FXR and SXR gene between two groups (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion CGS disease may be related to increased expression of LRH-1 gene.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the contribution of occupational exposure to dusts / gases / fumes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease( COPD) and respiratory symptoms in China. Methods Based on the crosssectional survey of COPD which was conducted in urban and rural areas of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong,Liaoning, Tianjin, Chongqing and Shanxi for residents aged 40 years or older, the association between the occupational exposure to dusts/ gases/ fumes and COPD and respiratory symptoms was analyzed. The recruited populations were interviewed with questionnaire and were tested with spirometry. The post-bronchodilators FEV1 /FVC lt; 70% was used as diagnostic criteria of COPD. Having any cough, sputum, wheezing and dyspnea was defined as having respiratory symptoms. Results The prevalence of occupational exposure to dusts/ gases /fumes was 20. 5% . As shown by multiple-variables Logistic regression analyses, occupational exposure to dusts / fumes /gases [ OR = 1. 20 ( 1. 04, 1. 39) ] and dusts of grain [ 1. 48 ( 1. 18, 1. 86) ] were associated with COPD;occupational exposure to dusts / fumes / gases [ OR = 1. 37( 1. 25, 1. 49) ] , hard-rock mining [ OR = 2. 31( 1. 67,3. 20) ] , coal mining [ OR = 1. 71( 1. 09, 2. 70) ] , dusts of cement [ OR = 1. 92( 1. 47, 2. 52) ] , chemical or plastics manufacturing [ OR =1. 58( 1. 37, 1. 83) ] , spray painting [ OR= 1. 46( 1. 16, 1. 84) ] , and other dusts or fumes [ OR = 1. 46 ( 1. 29, 1. 64 ) ] were associated with the respiratory symptoms. Smoking and occupational exposure to dusts / gases / fumes had synergic effects on the increasing risk of respiratory symptoms. The populationattributable risk ( PAR) of exposure to dusts / gases / fumes was 3. 94% and 7. 05% for COPD and respiratory symptoms respectively. Conclusions Occupational exposure to dusts /gases /fumes is associated with COPD and respiratory symptoms. Smoking and occupational exposure to dusts/ gases /fumes may have synergic effects on respiratory symptoms.