Objective To investigate the effects of immune—enhancing enteral nutritioin therapy on the inflammatory reaction and immune function in the rats of ventilation-induced lung injury．Methods Fourty rats were divided into four groups(EN1、EN2、SEN1、SEN2，n=10)．All groups were performed mechanic ventilation and fed isocaloric enteral nutrition．EN1 group：tidal Volume(VT) =8 mL／kg，traditional enteral nutrition；EN2 group：VT=40 mL／kg，traditional enteral nutrition；SEN1 group：VT：8 mL／kg，immune-enhancing enteral immunonutrition；SEN2 group：VT=40 mL／kg，immune-enhancing enteral immunonutrition．Lymphocyte subsets，TNF-α，IL-6 and contents of arachidonic acid(AA)were determined at different time point(0，4，24，72 h after ventilation)．Results The levels of CD3+，CD4+，CD4+／CD8+ in SEN2 group were lower(Plt;0.05)than in EN1，EN2 and SEN1 group after 24，72 h of ventilation．The serum concentrations of TNF-α，IL-6 and AA were significantly lower in EN2 than in other three groups(P lt;0.05)．Conclusion Immune-enhancing enteral nutrition feeding prior to machanie ventilatioin can alleriate the damage of immunological function and reduce infl ammotory responses
Objective To investigate the implication of oxidation protein product ( advanced oxidation protein product, AOPP) , an index of oxidative stress in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS) . Methods 47 patients with OSAHS and 48 normal controls were enrolled. The concentration of AOPP was measured by spextrophotometry after ameliorated, while superoxide ( SOD) , malonaldehyde ( MDA) , glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-PX) in morning blood samples were detected by Xanthine oxidase test. Results ( 1) Plasma AOPP and MDA were significantly elevated in OSAHS compared with those in control group ( both P lt;0. 01) . Plasma SOD and GSH-PX were significantly lower in OSAHS compared with those in control group ( both P lt;0. 01) . There were significant differences in the plasma AOPP, MDA, SODand GSH-PX among different severity of OSAHS ( all P lt; 0. 01) . Plasma AOPP and MDA were increased and SOD and GSH-PX were gradually decreased with the progression of OSAHS. ( 2) Plasma AOPP correlated well with MDA, SOD and GSH-PX, moreover, AOPP was positively correlated with apnea hyponea index or lowest oxygen saturation. Conclusion AOPP is an alternative index reflecting both oxidative streess and tissue injury in patients with OSAHS.
Objective To assess the effectiveness of the auto-continuous positive airway pressure (Auto-CPAP) versus the fixed-continuous positive airway pressure (Fixed-CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep Apnea syndrome (OSAS). Methods Such databases as PubMed (1990 to 2010), SpringerLink (1995 to 2010), CNKI (1990 to 2010), WanFang Data (1995 to 2010), and Google academic (1994 to 2010) were searched, the relevant conference theses were retrieved, and the experts in this field were enquired to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Auto-CPAP versus Fixed-CPAP for patients with OSAS. Two reviewers independently screened the trials according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, abstracted the data, and assessed the methodology quality. Meta-analyes was performed using RevMan 5.0 software. Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 327 patients were included. The results of meta-analyses showed that, compared with the Fixed-CPAP group after treatment, the Auto-CPAP group significantly reduced the mean effective therapeutic pressure (WMD=-1.79, 95%CI -3.39 to -0.20), won much better treatment adherence (WMD=0.43, 95%CI 0.30 to 0.56), but got much higher scores of the Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (WMD=1.17, 95%CI 0.25 to 2.08) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) (WMD=0.88, 95%CI 0.42 to 1.33) as well. There was no significant difference between those two groups in patients’ subjective preference for treatment (OR=2.06, 95%CI 0.46 to 9.10). Conclusion Compared to the Fixed-CPAP, the Auto-CPAP significantly reduces the mean effective therapeutic pressure and improves the treatment adherence of the patients, but is inferior in decreasing AHI and ESS. However, more high-quality and large-scale RCTs are required to verify the above conclusion because of the limitation of research quality and sample at present.