Objective To systematically review the efficacy of total glycosides extracted from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch leaf in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Methods Databases including PubMed, EMbase, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials of total glycosides from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch for diabetic nephropathy from inception to May 30th, 2021. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. RevMan 5.4 software was then used to perform meta-analysis. Results A total of 7 RCTs involving 504 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that there were no significant differences in creatinine levels (MD=−1.71, 95%CI −3.97 to 0.56, P=0.14) and urea (MD=−0.18, 95%CI −0.44 to 0.08, P=0.19) between the two groups. In terms of regulating proteinuria, the urinary albumin excretion rate (MD=−39.41, 95%CI −48.46 to −30.36, P<0.000 01), urinary microalbumin (MD＝−9.94, 95%CI −12.16 to −7.73, P<0.000 01), and 24-hour urinary protein (MD=−0.67, 95%CI −0.85 to −0.49, P<0.000 01) were all lower in the treatment group compared with control group. However, there were no differences between groups in terms of blood glucose metabolism as indicated by changes in levels of the long-term blood glucose metabolism indicator (HbA1c: MD=−0.16, 95%CI −0.67 to 0.35, P=0.53). Only one study suggested that short-term blood glucose metabolism indicators, fasting blood glucose and postprandial blood glucose levels were not different between groups. In terms of blood lipid metabolism, only one study suggested glycoside treatment produced lower serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides compared with control group. Conclusions Current evidence suggests that adjunctive therapy with total Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch glycosides can benefit diabetic nephropathy patients more than angiotensin II receptor inhibitor or pancreatic kininogen by alleviating proteinuria and likely improving lipid metabolism. However, no benefit is observed in terms of renal function improvement or blood glucose metabolism. Due to limited quality and quantity of included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify the above conclusions.
【摘要】 目的 分析2型糖尿病患者合并不同类型肾脏损伤的临床表现、肾脏病理分型,探讨临床特点和病理类型之间的关系,以指导临床诊治。方法 分析1998年12月—2008年12月53例接受肾活检的2型糖尿病患者,其中男38例,女15例,平均52岁,糖尿病病程0~22年,平均5年。分析纳入患者的临床表现、肾脏病理特点和肾脏损伤程度。结果 2型糖尿病合并肾脏损伤以中老年多见,年龄50～74岁,其中糖尿病肾病(DN) 34例,44.1%的患者肾脏损害出现在发现糖尿病5年后；非糖尿病肾病(DM+NDRD)16例,81.3%的患者肾脏损害出现在发现糖尿病5年内；糖尿病肾病合并非糖尿病肾病(DN+NDRD)3例,平均糖尿病病程均lt;5年。2型糖尿病合并肾脏损伤的肾脏病理类型多样,除DN(占64.2%)外,17.0%的患者为膜性肾病，7.5%的患者为系膜增生性肾病。结论 2型糖尿病合并肾损伤以DN为多,亦可出现DM+NDRD或DN +NDRD,通过肾活检明确肾脏病理类型对临床治疗及判断预后有指导意义。