ObjectiveTo analyze the impact of disaster prevention and preparedness education courses on college students’ awareness, actions and abilities of disaster prevention and preparedness, so as to provide a reference for the establishment and optimization of disaster education-related courses in colleges.MethodsStudents who took the optional course “Disaster Preparedness Education” of Sichuan University in the fall semester of 2019 to 2020 were included. Questionnaires were issued before and after the course to compare the differences in awareness, actions and abilities of disaster prevention and preparedness of college students before and after the course. We also analyzed the differences between college students of different genders and college students of different grades.ResultsFinally, 148 college students were included. After the course, college students’ awareness scores (9.24±0.61 vs. 6.11±0.52), action scores (6.89±0.70 vs. 2.65±0.58) and ability scores (33.73±1.61 vs. 18.55±1.88) of disaster prevention and preparedness were improved compared to those before the course, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Before the course, boys’ disaster prevention and preparedness awareness score was higher than that of girls (6.48±0.56 vs. 5.23±0.44), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the scores of actions or abilities of disaster prevention and preparedness between boys and girls (P>0.05). After the course, there was no statistically significant difference in any of the scores between boys and girls (P>0.05). Before and after the course, there was no statistically significant difference in any of the scores between the senior college students and the lower college students (P>0.05). College students’ overall satisfaction with disaster preparedness education was relatively high, with the highest scores for teaching methods and assessment methods.ConclusionDisaster preparedness education courses have a positive effect on improving the comprehensive qualities of college students’ disaster preparedness awareness, actions, and abilities, but it is necessary to attract more college students to participate and increase the scope of the course.
Objective To compare the outpatient in gynecology department with health screening women in aspects of general condition, bearing, livelihood, economics and family, and to analyze the factors that relate to premature ovarian failure (POF) and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Method To survey 178 outpatients of gynecology department and health screening women visited from January to December of 2007, and to investigate the possible related factors through a questionnaire including the condition of basic information (e.g. age, marital status, occupation and education), menstruation, pregnancy and delivery, contraception, health, livelihood, economics, psychology, society, family and so on. The data were analyzed with SPSS 13.0 software. Results A total of 45 POF patients, 83 DOR patients and 50 healthy women were included. The results of questionnaire showed that the physiological factor was the main reason for the occurrence of POF and DOR; the menstrual disorders, autoimmune diseases (such as systemic lupus erythematosus, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.), malignancy cancer, pelvic surgery, smoking and drug abuse, and lack of sleep were closely related to POF and DOR; the social and psychological factors were other main reasons to cause POF and DOR. Conclusion The onset of both POF and DOR is caused by many factors, such as physical, social and psychological factors. The effective prevention and treatment for these diseases should be conducted positively in accordance with these three aspects.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of bridging fixation with long locking plate for displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. Methods Between October 2010 and December 2011, 18 patients with displaced midshaft clavicular fracture were treated with reduction and bridging fixation with 9 or 10 holes locking plate. There were 17 males and 1 female with an average age of 47 years (range, 23-82 years). Fracture was caused by traffic accident in 6 cases, by falling in 10 cases, by crushing in 1 case, and by crashing object in 1 case. All fractures were closed and displaced or shortened (range, 2.1-3.4 cm; mean, 2.62 cm) with angulation deformity. According to Robinson classification criteria, 5 cases were rated as type 2B1 and 13 as type 2B2. The duration from injury to surgery was 5 hours to 19 days (mean, 5 days). The fracture healing time and complication were recorded; the effectiveness evaluation was performed with Constant-Murley score and satisfaction to appearance. Results No neurologic or vascular complication occurred with primary healing of incision. All patients were followed up 12-22 months (mean, 14.7 months). The fracture healing time was 9-14 weeks (mean, 11.4 weeks). During follow-up, no loosening or breakage of internal fixator was observed. The Constant-Murley score was 82-98 (mean, 92.4) at last follow-up; the satisfaction rate of appearance was 88.9% (16/18). Conclusion Bridging fixation with long locking plate is an effective method for treatment of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. Preserved blood supply and stable angle are important to fracture healing.
Objective To introduce a modified technique for treating acute closed Achilles tendon rupture and evaluate the preliminary effectiveness. Methods Between March 2011 and September 2015, 8 cases (8 sides) with acute closed Achilles tendon rupture were repaired with the laminated bevel suturing technique. All of the patients were male with an average age of 39.3 years (range, 22-58 years), injured in nonprofessional sports. The diagnosis was confirmed by typical signs of positive heel-lift test and Thompson test; the complete rupture of Achilles tendon was determined by color Doppler ultrasound or MRI, and the distance between the stump and calcaneus was 2-5 cm (mean, 3.3 cm). The time from injury to operation was 2-12 days (mean, 4.1 days). With the patient in prone position, a posterior longitudinal incision medial to the tendon was made, the broken stumps of Achilles tendon were divided into 3 layers on the coronal plane, fibers made into strips. The strips were staggered and stacked, stitched side to side with absorbable suture. The ankle joint at the plantar flexion position was fixed with plaster, and early rehabilitation exercise was carried out. Results The operation time was 70-135 minutes (mean, 99 minutes); the intraoperative blood loss was 5-30 mL (mean, 15.6 mL). All the incisions healed by first intention without infection, except for 1 case who need dressing exchange because of partial delayed healing. All the patients were followed up 6-50 months (mean, 30.5 months). There was no complication of surgical site infection, sural nerve injury, or deep vein thrombosis. The patients could walk normally with powerful raising heels and return to previous sports, without complication of re-rupture. Compared with the contralateral side, the activity of ankle joint dorsiflexion reduced 0-6° (mean, 3°); plantar flexion reduced 1-5° (mean, 2°). At last follow-up, according to Arner-Lindholm score, the surgical results were excellent in 7 cases and good in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 100%. Conclusion Laminated bevel suturing technique is simple for repairing acute closed Achilles tendon rupture without the need of special surgical instruments. It provides enough tensile strength for early rehabilitation exercise to rapid and good recovery.