ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment on primary mild and moderate pruritus ani. MethodsAccording to the diagnostic and inclusion criteria, 50 outpatients between March 2013 and March 2014 were randomly divided into acupuncture group and drug control group, with 25 cases in each. The acupuncture treatment group were treated by perianal local surrounding needling mostly with body acupuncture treatment for 14 times in 4 weeks. Drug control group were given oral antihistamine drugs and traditional Chinese medicine, pevisone cream rub for 4 weeks. Itching index scores, dermatology life quality index scores and treatment satisfaction were observed before and after treatment, and referral number and average number of pruritus of the two groups were observed in six months after the end of treatment. ResultsAfter 4 weeks of treatment, itching index score of patients in the acupuncture treatment group was significantly lower than the drug control group; the dermatology life quality index scores and treatment satisfaction were significantly better than the drug control group, and in the six months after the end of treatment, referral number and the average number of pruritus were lower than the drug control group. The differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). ConclusionClinical efficacy of acupuncture treatment on primary mild and moderate pruritus ani is significant, and the long term effect is stable.