【Abstract】 Objective To compare the accuracy of color-doppler ultrasonography, mammography and near-infrared light scanning for diagnosing breast diseases. Methods The diagnostic accuracy of the above three imaging methods were analyzed and compared with each other on the basis of the postoperative pathological results. ResultsFive hundreds and sixty-five cases (breast cancer: 274 cases, benign diseases: 291 cases) were examined. The sensitivity of color-doppler ultrasonography, mammography and near-infrared light scanning for diagnosing breast cancer were 83.7%(200/239), 84.2%(64/76) and 76.9%(100/130), respectively. The specificity were 88.6%(226/255), 93.2%(69/74) and 82.6%(114/138), and the accuracy were 86.2%(426/494), 88.7%(133/150) and 79.9%(214/268), respectively. Color-doppler ultrasonography and mammography were superior to near-infrared light in the item of accuracy (P＜0.05), especially for lesions of breast cancers that were less than 2 cm. The false negative rate of near-infrared light was higher (48.8%, 21/43）than those of the other methods in detecting breast cancer at early stage. The sensitivity for detecting intraductal papilloma and inflammation of breast using color-doppler ultrasonography were 58.8%(10/17) and 69.2%(18/26), respectively, which were higher than that of near-infrared light scanning 〔0 and 23.5%(4/17)， P＜0.05 and P＜0.01〕. The sensitivity and the accuracy of near-infrared light without physical examination reduced significantly, in which the sensitivity reduced from 76.9%(100/130) to 56.9%(74/130), P＜0.01, and the accuracy reduced from 79.9%(214/298) to 61.9%(166/268), P＜0.01. Conclusion Color-doppler ultrasonography and mammography are accurate imaging methods for diagnosing breast diseases.