Objective To systematically review the efficacy of maternal body temperature preservation during caesarean section. Methods Databases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2015), WanFang Data, CBM and CNKI were searched from inception to July 2015 to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of body temperature preservation in patients with caesarean delivery. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.3 software. Results A total of 15 RCTs involving 1 331 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that patients in the temperature preservation group had a smaller body temperature variation (MD= –0.22, 95%CI –0.32 to –0.13, P < 0.000 01) and a lower incidence of shivering (RR=0.53, 95%CI 0.42 to 0.67, P < 0.000 01) than patients in the control group. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in blood loss (MD= –13.77, 95%CI –33.95 to 6.42, P=0.18) and newborn Apgar score (MD=0.12, 95%CI –0.37 to 0.6, P=0.64). Conclusions Current evidence shows that body temperature preservation measures can better protect patients with caesarean delivery. Specifically, body temperature preservation measures could reduce patients’ body temperature variation and incidence of shivering but had no effect on blood loss and newborn Apgar score. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.