Objective lt;brgt;To inspect the rate of success of anastomosis and tissue damage with different power levels of photocoagulation in the treatment of experimental branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) by laser induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis. lt;brgt;Methods lt;brgt;Forty pigmented rabbits (80 eyes) were divided into four groups in random, and 10 (20 eyes) in each. Chroioretinal venous anastomosis was attempted to create using the krypton red laser with 4 different power levels (group A: 400 mW,group B: 600 mW,group C: 800 mW,group D: 1000 mW) in these animals in which BRVO had previously been created photodynamically. Fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography were performed at various times after the treatment and histological examination was taken at the end of the study. lt;brgt;Results lt;brgt;The model of BRVO was successfully set up. At the lowest power of 400 mW there was an absence of anastomosis formation and the damage to the retina and choroid was mild, Bruch′s membrane showed no evidence of rupture. At the power levels of 600 mW and 800 mW an anastomosis formed in 15% and 55% respectively and the damage was medium in degree. At the highest power level of 1 000 mW a 80% rate of success was obtained, however, the damage to the retina and choroid tended to be severe.The difference of the rate of success of anastomosis between different groups was highly significant (P=0.001), the difference between group B and group C was also highly significant (PBC=0.008), and the difference between group A and group B, group C and group D was not significant (PAB=0.072、PCD=0.091). lt;brgt; lt;brgt;Conclusion lt;brgt;The optimal power level of krypton red laser induced chorioretinal venous anastomosis is 800 mW, 0.1 s, 50 μm in our study. lt;brgt; lt;brgt;(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2002,18:13-16)
Objective To study the methodology of Chinese literature retrieval. Methods The manual review of the literature was served as the “gold standard” against database search strategies (the diagnostic tests). We selected original articles about treatment, rehabilitation and randomized controlled trials from 31 journals. The articles were downloaded from the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM). We selected potentially useful words through a word frequency analysis and determined the frequency of all the words in the titles, abstracts, and subject indexes. All the selected journals functioned as a closed database. The sensitivity, specificity and precision of all the high frequency words were calculated and the high frequency words of large sensitivity×precision were considered as final searching words. All the searching strategies were produced by computer programe which consisted of all searching words, title field and abstract field. Meanwhile, the sensitivity, specificity, precision and NNR (number needed to read) were calculated. Among the strategies, those comprised of all searching words would be used in CBM disc database, those of title and abstract words in Chinese Web Databases. The best strategies were those of high sensitivity and high specificity. Results 2 570 articles were selected and 45 articles met the gold standard. The strategies emphasized sensitivity were “therapeutic use OR random OR control(for CBM disc) and multicenter OR therapeutic outcome OR random (for Chinese online databases)”. The strategies emphasized specificity were “placebo OR prospective study(MH) OR double blind OR random controled trial (MH) (for CBM disc) and placebo OR prospective) OR double blind OR efficiency (for Chinese online databases).”Conclusions The method is optimal for Chinese literature databases
目的 比较预注射利多卡因和局部加温缓解罗库溴铵注射痛效果。 方法 选取2011年3月－8月择期行腹腔镜下胆囊切除术的150例患者，按照完全随机的方法分为利多卡因组（L组）、局部加温组（W组）、对照组（C组）,每组各50例患者。W组患者在留置针部位用Bair Hugger以40 °C加温1 min；L组患者用橡胶止血带在静脉近端加压直至静脉输液停止走行，推注1%利多卡因2 mL，1 min后松开止血带。随后3组患者均在2 s内静脉推注1 mL罗库溴铵注射液（含罗库溴铵10 mg）。观察在注射罗库溴铵前预先注射利多卡因及局部加温缓解注射痛的效果。 结果 罗库溴铵注射痛的发生率在W组、L组、C组中分别为62%、34%、82%。C组的疼痛发生率最高（P＜0.05）；W组的疼痛率高于L组（P＜0.05）；与W、L组相比，C组的重度疼痛率最高（P＜0.05）；L组的中、重度疼痛率低于W组（P＜0.05）。 结论 预注射利多卡因和局部加温均能有效缓解罗库溴铵引起的注射痛，预注射利多卡因对于缓解罗库溴铵引起的注射痛更为有效。
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of different wavelength krypton lasers on diabetic retinopathy. Methods A total of 55 eyes (35 cases) with diabetic retinopathy underwent different wavelength k rypton lasers photocoagulation treatment, according to the different manifestati on of the affected eyes. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure，visual field,visual evoked potential were examined, and slit-lamp, ophthalmoscopy, Bultraso nography, and fundus fluorescein angiography were performed preoperatively. The patients were followed up for at least 12 months after krypton laser treatment. Results The resulting effect on visual acuity after 12 months of photocoagulation in this series revealed that, 20 eyes (36.4%) i mproved, 34 eyes (61.8%) remained no change, and one eye (1.8%) decreased. Conclusions Different wavelength krypton lasers photoco agulation can be used in treatment of diabetic retinopathy and can improve the visual acuity at certain extent. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:178-180)
Objective To confirm the difference between internal and external pressure of cervical esophageal and to discuss the relations between cervical esophageal pressure difference with the formation of cervical anastomotic leakage. Methods In the present study, 12 New Zealand white rabbits were used. We applied a pressure transducer to describe the variation of pressure of intrathoracic, thoracic esophagus, cervical esophagus and upper esophageal sphincter during resting and cough. Pressure value was recorded and read through MD3000 system. And the difference between each point was analyzed. Results The pressures resulting from the cough induced were significantly higher in intrathoracic than in thoracical esophagous (10.2±0.6 cm H2O vs. 36.7±1.0 cm H2O), exhibited significantly higher in upper esophageal sphincter and thoracic esophagous than in cervical esophageal (7.5±0.2 cm H2O vs. 12.0±0.4 cm H2O, vs. 10.2±0.6 cm H2O). Conclusion Cervical anastomotic leaks are affected by many factors.And the most notabe one is the constant pressure from inside-out around cervical anastomotic.
Objective To understand the current situation of ambulatory surgery cancellation rates and the reasons for cancellation. Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, VIP database, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for literature reporting cancellation of ambulatory surgery and published between January 1st, 2000 and September 1st, 2023. Data extraction and meta-analysis were conducted after literature screening, and subgroup analyses were conducted based on the type of the ward, reasons for cancellation, and study sites. Results A total of 19 studies were included, with a total of 270528 cases of ambulatory surgeries, among which 12250 cases were cancelled. The ambulatory surgery cancellation rate was 5.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) (4.5%, 7.1%)]. Subgroup analyses showed that the cancellation rates of general wards, pediatric wards, and ophthalmic wards were 4.0% [95%CI (2.9%, 5.1%)], 9.9% [95%CI (5.2%, 14.5%)], and 8.1% [95%CI (2.7%, 13.4%)], respectively, and the difference in the cancellation rate among different types of wards was statistically significant (P=0.02); there was a significant difference in the surgery cancellation rate among different reasons for cancellation (P<0.01), the highest cancellation rate of surgery was due to disease factors, which was 2.5% [95%CI (1.2%, 3.9%)]; there was no statistically significant difference in the cancellation rate among different study sites (P=0.43). Conclusions The issue of cancellation of ambulatory surgery is prominent in clinical practice. Optimized management is therefore suggested in urgent.
Sleep status is an important indicator to evaluate the health status of human beings. In this paper, we proposed a novel type of unperturbed sleep monitoring system under pillow to identify the pattern change of heart rate variability (HRV) through obtained RR interval signal, and to calculate the corresponding sleep stages combined with hidden Markov model (HMM) under the no-perception condition. In order to solve the existing problems of sleep staging based on HMM, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) was proposed to eliminate the error caused by the individual differences in HRV and then to calculate the corresponding sleep stages. Ten normal subjects of different age and gender without sleep disorders were selected from Guangzhou Institute of Respirator Diseases for heart rate monitoring. Comparing sleep stage results based on HMM to that of polysomnography (PSG), the experimental results validate that the proposed noninvasive monitoring system can capture the sleep stages S1–S4 with an accuracy more than 60%, and performs superior to that of the existing sleep staging scheme based on HMM.
In order to standardize and improve the level of TCM diagnosis and treatment of uterine prolapse, the Gynecology Branch of China Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine took the lead in initiating the revision of the "Guidelines for the TCM diagnosis and treatment of uterine prolapse". Based on the existing relevant literature, the guideline revision working group strictly abides by the principles and steps of evidence-based guideline revision, and establishes a multi-disciplinary and multi-field expert team to standardize the guideline revision work. This plan focuses on the necessity of guideline revision, the establishment and division of labor of the guideline project team, the determination of clinical problems, the screening and evaluation of evidence, and the formation of recommendations.
Objective To explore the feasibility of establishing a rabbit model of flail chest. Methods Flail chest model was eatablished in 12 New Zealand white rabbits after anesthesia and sterile surgery. The paradoxical movement of chest wall was recorded by the biological signal acquisition system, arterial blood was collected for blood gas analysis, the vital signs were recorded by electrocardiogram (ECG) and the lung tissue was taken for the pathological analysis at the end of the experiment. The effect of flail chest on the respiratory function of experimental animals was analyzed to evaluate the feasibility of establishing flail chest model. Results All surgeries were successful without mortality. The operation time was 41.42±7.08 min. Duration of endotracheal intubation was 79.33±12.21 min. Statistical results showed that the pH, partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and base excess (BE) increased; while partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and oxygen saturation (SaO2) reduced. Pathological results showed that flail chest not intervented for a long period would lead to organic lesions. Conclusion The rabbit model of flail chest is feasible, safe, repeatable, easy and simple to handle. The animal is easy to access which is the foundation to study the disease process, recovery procedure and the efficacy after intervention.
Objective To investigate the relationship between clinical features and lymph node metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma patients with T1 stage. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 253 T1-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients (92 males and 161 females at an average age of 59.45±9.36 years), who received lobectomy and systemic lymph node dissection in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from October 2013 to February 2016. Results Lymph node metastasis was negative in 182 patients (71.9%) and positive in 71 (28.1%). Poor differentiation (OR=6.988, P=0.001), moderate differentiation (OR=3.589, P=0.008), micropapillary type (OR=24.000, P<0.001), solid type (OR=5.080, P=0.048), pleural invasion (OR=2.347, P=0.024), age≤53.5 years (OR=2.594, P=0.020) were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis. In addition, in the tumor with diameter≥1.55 cm (OR=0.615, P=0.183), although the cut-off value of 1.55 cm had no significant difference, it still suggested that tumor diameter was an important risk factor of lymph node metastasis. Conclusion In lung adenocarcinoma with T1 stage, the large tumor diameter, the low degree of differentiation, the high ratio of consolidation, and the micropapillary or solid pathological subtypes are more prone to have lymph node metastasis.