【摘要】 目的 讨论胃充盈超声造影在胃溃疡患者术后的应用价值。 方法 2002年6月-2009年6月对因胃溃疡行手术的72例患者采用饮水法充盈胃进行术后超声检查随访，观察术后胃的容量变化、术后近期并发症及远期并发症。 结果 所有胃术后的患者，近期胃容量较前减少60%～70%，随着时间的延长，容量逐渐恢复，最大恢复至术前的50%。吻合处胃壁僵直，蠕动波消失。十二指肠残端漏2例，近期吻合口狭窄5例，胃瘫综合症3例，吻合口反流40例，有临床症状的患者10例，无临床症状的患者30例，复发性溃疡1例，未发现残胃癌及远期吻合口梗阻。 结论 胃充盈超声造影是胃溃疡术后简单易行的随访方法，具有重要的临床应用价值。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of gastric filling in gastric ulcer patients after the operation. Methods A total of 72 patients who underwent the operation due to gastric ulcer between June 2002 and June 2009 were selected. We used water-drinking method for filling stomach to perform the ultrasonic examination and the patients were followed up. The post-operation changes in the capacity of the stomach, postoperation complication and long-term complication were observed. Results The reduction of recent stomach capacity was 60%-70% in of the patients after the operation. As time goes on, the capacity gradually recovered, and the largest recovery was 50%. Anastomosis gastric wall was stiff, and peristaltic wave disappeared. Drain off residual duodenum was found in 2 patients, anastomotic stricture near was in 5, delayed gastric emptying was in 3, anastomotic reflux was in 40, clinical symptoms was in 10, no clinical symptoms was in 30, and recurrent ulcer was in 1. No gastric remnant cancer or long-term anastomtic obstruction was observed. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography of gastric filling is a simple and practicable ultrasound follow-up method after gastric ulcer.
The use of clinical predictive modeling to guide clinical decision-making and thus provide accurate diagnosis and treatment services for patients has become a clinical consensus and trend. However, the models available for clinical use are more limited due to unstandardised research methods and poor quality of evidence. This paper introduces the development process of clinical prediction models from six aspects, data collection, model development, performance evaluation, model validation, model presentation and model updating, as well as the clinical prediction model research report statement and risk of bias assessment tools in order to provide methodological references for domestic researchers.