目的 分析经病理证实的颈部无痛性肿大淋巴结的声像图特点,比较良、恶性疾病中异常淋巴结的声像图特征,为临床医师的鉴别提供可靠的诊断依据。 方法 将2007年7月-2009年12月以颈部无痛性肿大淋巴结就医、并经病理证实的良、恶性疾病的97例患者作为研究对象,其中男56例,女41例;共检出淋巴结365个,依据病理诊断结果将研究对象分为良性组(98个)和恶性组(267个)。 结果 ① 大多数良性淋巴结:L/S>2,形态接近椭圆形、门部回声规则无移位、皮质较薄、髓质形态规则,居中; 大多数恶性淋巴结短径相对增大,L/S≤2,形态趋于类圆形,包膜不完整,门部大多数偏离中心,皮质不均匀增厚,髓质变形移位或消失。② 良性淋巴结多表现为无血流型或门部规则血流型;恶性淋巴结多表现为周边血流或混合血流型。③ 大多数良性淋巴结血流阻力指数偏低,RI<0.60;大多数恶性淋巴结血流阻力指数偏高,RI>0.70。 结论 高频超声在颈部无痛性淋巴结肿大的良恶性鉴别中能够提供重要的诊断信息。
【摘要】 目的 探讨医院产前超声检查中应用知情同意书的价值。 方法 对2002年1月-2010年1月经产前超声常规筛查并分娩出生缺陷儿(均为基层医院常规超声筛查难以显示或无法诊断的先天性异常)的产妇,按实行知情同意前后分为两组:实施前的有21例(A组),实施后的有19例(B组),比较两组出生缺陷儿产妇对产后结果的反映情况。 结果 B组产妇对产前超声筛查理解13例,可以理解4例,难以理解2例;A组理解3例,可以理解5例,难以理解13例,两组理解程度差异有统计学意义(Z=-3.741,P=0.000)。 结论 知情同意书是产前超声检查过程中孕妇对医方理解及对孕妇负责的必要手段。 【Abstract】 Objective To explore the value of informed consent in prenatal ultrasonographic examination. Methods Between January 2002 and January 2010, the puerperants who underwent routine screening by prenatal ultrasonography in our hospital and delivered the birth of babies with defects (conventional ultrasound screening in basic-level hospitals hard to display or unable to diagnosis of congenital anomaly) were selected. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether had informed consent. The responses after the parturition (having babies with defects) of the puerperants between the two groups were compared. Results The puerperants in informed consent group had more objective understanding of prenatal ultrasonographic examination, and better acceptance level of the results of ultrasonography. Conclusion Informed consent of prenatal ultrasonography process is necessary.