The traditional obstetric neuraxial anesthesia has no visual technical support. The success rate is closely related to the experience of the anesthesiologist, so there is a certain failure rate. With the widespread use of high-resolution portable ultrasound machines in recent years, a large number of clinical studies have upheld the feasibility and effectiveness of ultrasound in neuraxial anesthesia. The application of ultrasound in obstetric neuraxial anesthesia has obvious advantages compared with traditional methods of puncture. Ultrasound can accurately locate the intervertebral space, reduce the number of punctures, enhance the success rate of puncture, enhance the quality of obstetric anesthesia, and increase patients' satisfaction and comfort. This review shows the advantages and limitations of ultrasound in obstetric neuraxial anesthesia.