Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the common chronic diseases in psychiatry. It has a long course of disease which seriously affects patient’s life and work, and has a serious impact on social function. So far, the diagnosis of PTSD is limited to clinical symptom manifestations and physician experience, and no exact pathological substance basis is found, while the pathological substance basis is crucial for accurate diagnosis, selection of effective treatment methods, evaluation of treatment results, and assessment of disability. Head MRI is currently one of the most promising techniques to solve this problem. This paper reviews the progress in MRI research on brain structure changes in PTSD patients, in order to explore the possible future development directions.
目的 利用局部一致性(ReHo)方法探测创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)患者在静息状态下是否存在着大脑功能异常。 方法 2010年5月-7月对18例未经治疗的地震PTSD患者和19例同样经历地震但未患PTSD的对照者进行了静息态功能磁共振成像(Rs-fMRI) 扫描。应用ReHo方法处理Rs-fMRI数据,得出PTSD患者的异常脑区,并将患者存在组间差异的脑区ReHo值与临床用PTSD诊断量表(CAPS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)分别进行相关分析。 结果 ① PTSD组ReHo显著增加的脑区包括右侧颞下回、楔前叶、顶下叶、中扣带回,左侧枕中回以及左/右侧后扣带回;ReHo显著降低的脑区包括左侧海马和左/右侧腹侧前扣带回。② 异常脑区中后扣带回和右侧中扣带回ReHo与HAMD呈负相关(中扣带回r=?0.575,P=0.012;右侧后扣带回:r=?0.507,P=0.032),其余脑区ReHo与临床指标无明显相关性(P>0.05),左侧海马与CAPS的相关性相对其他脑区较大(r=?0.430,P=0.075)。 结论 PTSD患者在静息状态下即存在着局部脑功能活动的降低和增加,ReHo方法可能有助于研究PTSD患者静息状态脑活动。