Objective To assess the efficacy of finasteride in treating perioperative bleeding in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966 to 2005), EMBase (1984 to 2004), CBM (1980 to 2005), The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2005) and relevant journals to identify cl inical trials involving finasteride in patients undergoing TURP. We also checked the references in the reports of each included trial. The qual ity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed according to the methods recommended by The Cochrane Collaboration, and the qual ity of non-RCTs was assessed based on the methods recommended by Jiang-ping Liu, Stroup and Hailey. Two reviewers extracted data independently and data analyses were conducted with The Cochrane Collaboration’ s RevMan 4.2. Result We included 4 RCTs and 1 non-RCT. The qual ity of 3 RCTs was graded C and the other one was graded B. The quality of the non-RCT was relatively high. Meta-analyses showed that with comparable age, international prostate symptom score, prostate specific antigen, preoperative volume of prostate and excision volume between the two groups (Pgt;0.05), the perioperative bleeding volume (WMD –85.44, 95%CI –117.31 to –53.58), the bleeding volume per gram of resected prostate tissue (WMD –3.5, 95%CI –6.34 to –0.58) and hemoglobin reduction (WMD –1.61, 95%CI –1.96 to –1.26) of the finasteride group were significantly smaller than those of the control group. Conclusion The evidence currently available indicates that preoperative use of finasteride may reduce bleeding in patients undergoing TURP.
目的:评估经后腹腔镜与开放肾囊肿去顶减压术的临床价值。方法:回顾性调查四川大学华西医院2004年4月至2008年4月468例经后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶减压术(A组)和2003年4月至2008年4月121例开放肾囊肿去顶减压术(B组)的临床资料并进行比较,统计分析两种术式术前,术中和术后的数据资料,比如性别、年龄、侧别、囊肿直径、手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床时间、肛门排气时间、引流管拔除时间、术后住院天数、总住院天数等。开放手术均行肋缘下切口,经后腹腔镜均行腰部常规3孔穿刺。结果:所有手术均获成功。A组手术时间5318±095分,术中出血628±033mL,术后肛门排气时间2518±030h,术后下床时间3102±022h,引流管拔除时间2715±020h,术后住院490±007d,总住院895±012d;B组手术时间6772±148分,术中出血5116±077mL,术后肛门排气时间2691±033h,术后下床时间4331±103h,引流管拔除时间2963±079h,术后住院788±018d,总住院125±029d。术前两组基线对比无统计差异。A组手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床时间、总住院天数和术后住院天数均优于B组,差异具有统计学意义(Plt;001)。术后肛门排气时间及引流管拔除时间无显著性差异(Pgt;005)。结论〓:后腹腔镜肾囊肿去顶术在手术时间、术中出血量和术后下床时间等方面明显优于开放手术。
Objective To retrospectively analyze the analgesic effect and cost-effectiveness of combined analgesia versus intermittent analgesia for patients underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. Methods We retrospectively collected clinical parameters and outcomes of analgesic effect from patients who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery. Included patients were divided into two groups: local injection of ropivacaine combined with intermittent administration with analgesic via intravenous injection and intermittent administration with analgesic via intravenous injection only. Visual analogue scale (VAS) at different time points (2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h), usage of postoperative non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), adverse events, costs and other information were collected and assessed for further analysis of analgesic effect and cost-effectiveness. Results A total of 80 patients were enrolled in this study, each group consists of 40 patients. The results of this study found that VAS scores at 2 h and 4 h after operation in the combined analgesic group were significantly lower than that in the intermittent intravenous analgesia group (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between the two groups in VAS scores at 6, 12 and 24 h after operation. The usage of NSAIDs were significantly lower in the combined group than intermittent group (P<0.05). The effective rate in the combined group was significantly higher than that in the intermittent group (P<0.05). The average cost of postoperative hospitalization and postoperative analgesic of the two groups were similar (allP values >0.05), and cost-effectiveness evaluation of the combined analgesia group was better than that of intermittent group. Conclusion Compared to intermittent administration with analgesic via intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection of ropivacaine hydrochloride combined with intermittent intravenous injection of parecoxib in patients underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery significantly could alleviate patients' painful complaints and reduce the postoperative usage of NSAIDs without increasing adverse events. Furthermore, the combination strategy has a lower cost-effectiveness ratio than intermittent group, which represents economic advantages.
Varicocele (VC) is one of the common diseases of the male genitourinary system, and its incidence is higher in young adults. Among them, 80%-98% of VC are more likely to occur in the left spermatic vein. Previous research has found that VC could affect the temperature of the local microenvironment of the testis, oxidative stress process in the spermatogenic environment, mitochondrial function of sperm, endocrine system, and apoptosis of testes and epididymal cells. Therefore, VC will have an important impact on spermatogenic process of the testicles to cause male infertility. However, the specific molecular mechanism of VC affecting male spermatogenesis has not been fully studied. Therefore, this article will review the effect and mechanism of VC on testicular spermatogenesis.