ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical pathological features of mushroom shaped uveal melanoma.MethodsRetrospective clinical study. From June 2001 to Aprilh 2013, pathological sections from 102 eyes of 102 patients with uveal melanoma diagnosed in Beijing Tongren Eye Center were included in the study. The sections were divided into group A (mushroom shaped uveal melanoma, 30 eyes) and group B (flat, hemisperical and spherical uveal melanoma, 72 eyes). The height-to-base ratio was calculated. The tumors size was divided into small, medium and large according to the standards of American Multicentre Study of Ocular Melanoma. The tumor cell type was divided into spindle, epithelioid, mixed and others by Improved Callender taxonomy. Motic Med 6.0 software was used to collect and measure the images. The retinal thinning rate of group A and B was compared by χ2 test.ResultsIn group A, large size in 19 eyes (63.3%), medium size in 11 eyes (36.7%). In group B, large size in 49 eyes (68.1%), medium size in 16 eyes (22.%), small size in 7 eyes (9.7%). In group A and B, the average tumor base diameter were 14.2±5.1 mm and 18.7±6.4 mm, respectively; the average tumor height were 10.0±2.1 mm and 7.6±3.9, respectively; the height-to-base ratio were 0.77±0.29 and 0.44±0.28, respectively. In group A, spindle type in 24 eyes (80.0%), epithelioid type in 1 eye (3.3%), mixed type in 5 eyes (16.7%). In group B, spindle type in 52 eyes (72.2%), epithelioid type in 5 eyes (6.9%), mixed type in 11 eyes (15.3%), and others in 4 eyes (5.6%). The proportion of retinal thinning were 73.3% (22 eyes) and 29.2% (21 eyes) in group A and B, respectively. The difference in the proportion of retinal thinning between group A and B was significant (χ2=16.94, P=0.000).ConclusionThe height of the tumor increased rapidly and the retinal thinning rate is high in mushroom shaped uveal melanoma.