ObjectiveTo observe the center retinal thickness (CRT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in eyes with central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) before and after treatment.MethodsA total of 34 patients (34 eyes) diagnosed with CRAO by fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) were retrospectively analyzed. There were 18 males (18 eyes) and 16 females (16 eyes). The average age was (61.42±14.09) years. The mean onset time was (2.64±3.73) days. The mean hospitalization time was (11.92±4.95) days. The mean axial length (AL) was (23.53±2.04) mm. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, fundus color photography, fundus fluorescein angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and AL measurement were performed. BCVA was converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR). According to FFA, visual loss and the results of OCT, patients were divided into 3 groups: incomplete CRAO (15 eyes) , subtotal CRAO (8 eyes), total CRAO (11 eyes). SFCT and CRT in affected and the fellow eye were measured by OCT for enhanced deep imaging. Follow up lasted for 1 month after treatment, with an average follow-up of (34.71±6.82) days. The changes of SFCT, CRT, and BCVA before and after treatment were observed. The correlation between BCVA after treatment and pretreatment CRT was also analyzed.ResultsAfter 1 month of follow-up, the logMAR BCVA in incomplete group, subtotal group and total group were significantly higher than before treatment (t=3.74, 3.61, 3.26; P=0.004, 0.009, 0.017). Before treatment, the average CRT of the contralateral eyes in the total, subtotal and incomplete group were (215.00±19.85), (224.00±22.79), (214.00±8.21) μm, and the mean SFCT were (264.54±121.71), (266.50±58.17), (261.86±90.95) μm. The average CRT of the affected eyes were (353.18±60.26), (280.14±11.08), (266.63±19.65) μm, and the average SFCT were (233.72±111.35), (237.75±53.30), (259.86±98.14) mm. Compared with the fellow eyes, the average CRT in the 3 groups were thickened, and the difference were statistically significant (t=8.274, 3.694, 11.577; P＜0.001, 0.008, ＜0.001); the average SFCT in the total group was decreased, the difference was statistically significant (t=−2.138, P=0.048). The mean CRT among the 3 groups of eyes was statistically significant (F=12.02, P＜0.001). There was no significant difference in the average SFCT (F=0.178, P=0.838). After 1 month follow-up, the mean CRT in the total, subtotal and incomplete group were (231.18±49.28), (219.16±21.34), (217.86±24.98) μm, and the average SFCT were (239.81±109.57), (241.86±42.81), (260.57±91.67) μm. Compared with before treatment, the average CRT in the three groups of eyes were decreased, the difference were statistically significant (t=13.032, 3.711, 4.970; P＜0.001, 0.008, 0.003); the difference in mean SFCT were not statistically significant (t=−0.785, −0.202, −0.078; P=0.466, 0.845, 0.940). Correlation analysis showed that BCVA after treatment was positively correlated with pretreatment CRT (odds ratio=0.578, P=0.002).ConclusionCRAO resulted in CRT in the preliminary stage and became thinner after receiving treatments. There exists a positive correlation between visual outcome and CRT before receiving treatments.
ObejctiveTo investigate the consistency and reproducibility of macular perfusion parameters in early diabetic retinopathy (DR) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).MethodsA prospective cross-sectional observational study. Forty-six patients (46 eyes) diagnosed with mild nonproliferative DR were included in this study. There were 24 males and 22 females, with the mean age of 59.16±10.32 years. Two macular scan sizes of 3 mm×3 mm and 6 mm×6 mm were performed by the same operator, and the same test was performed by another operator. The superficial retinal layer (SRL) and deep retinal layer (DRL) in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and vessel density (VD) were quantified. The consistency of the two scan sizes and the reproducibility of the same scan size were also evaluated. The consistency was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). If the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)＞0.80, consistency was good; if 0.4≤ICC＜0.8, consistency was general; if ICC＜0.40, consistency was poor.ResultsIn the 3 mm×3 mm and 6 mm×6 mm scanning sizes, the mean results of the two examiners were calculated. The FAZ of SRL were 0.39±0.13 mm2 and 0.42±0.15 mm2, FAZ of DRL were 0.74±0.22 mm2 and 0.89±0.23 mm2. The VD of SRL were (32.23±2.86)% and (31.91±3.01)%, VD of DRL were (43.73±4.64)% and (45.12±5.49)%. The consistency analysis showed that the ICC of SRL-FAZ and DRL-FAZ were 0.920 and 0.812, respectively; the ICC of VD were 0.833 and 0.830, respectively. The consistency was good. The reproducibility analysis of different examiners in the same scan size was better in the consistency of SRL FAZ and VD.ConclusionOCTA in two scanning sizes to measure FAZ and VD of early DR has good consistency and reproducibility.
ObjectiveTo compare and observe the changes in choroidal thickness between healthy pregnant women and healthy non-pregnant women.MethodsA prospective clinical study. From January 2019 to August 2019, healthy pregnant women (pregnant women group) and healthy non-pregnant women age-matched were enrolled during the same period (the normal group) in the obstetrics of Zhuji People's Hospital. All patients were enrolled with their right eyes. Frequency-domain OCT-enhanced depth imaging technology was used to measure the subfoveal macular and 1000 μm above, below, nasal, and temporal choroidal thickness and foveal retinal thickness (CMT). The choroidal thickness and CMT of the pregnant women group and the normal group were compared by t test, and the choroidal thickness and CMT of the normal group and the eyes of different gestational weeks were compared by one-way analysis of variance.ResultsThe pregnant women group and the normal group included 161 patients (161 eyes) and 40 patients (40 eyes). According to the different gestational weeks, the pregnant women were divided into the first trimester group, the second trimester group, and the third trimester group, with 47 patients (47 eyes), 66 patients (66 eyes), and 48 patients (48 eyes) respectively. There was no significant difference in age, axial length, intraocular pressure, and CMT between the different gestational week groups and the normal group (F=1.433, 1.558, 0.416, 2.288; P＞0.05). The subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) of the pregnant women group and normal group were 317.7±73.9 μm and 279.7±44.1 μm, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (t=3.113, P=0.002). Compared with the normal group, the choroid at the upper, lower, nasal, and temporal sides of the pregnant group 1000 μm from the fovea was thickened. The difference between the upper, nasal and temporal sides was statistically significant (t=2.699, 3.474, 2.595; P＜0.05). The SFCT of the eyes in the first trimester group, the middle group, and the late group were 305.8±72.3, 327.7±69.8, 315.8±80.5 μm, respectively. Compared with the normal group, the difference was statistically significant (F=4.180, P=0.007). Pairwise comparison between the two groups, the second trimester group was significantly different from the normal group (P=0.003). There was no significant difference among the first trimester group、the third trimester group and the other groups (P＞0.05).ConclusionThe choroidal thickness of pregnant women is thicker than normal, and the choroidal thickness in the second trimester reaches the maximum value; while the macular CMT during pregnancy has no significant change.