Objective To prepare the immunonanospheres［SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS］ against human colorectal cancer and evaluate its immunoreactivity and effects on cancer. Methods SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS was prepared by intermolecular cross-linking the monoclonal antibody SC3Ab with human serum albumin nanospheres containing 5-Fu ［HAS(5-Fu)-NS］ via new hetero-bifunctional crosslinker SPDP. Condensation test and immunoflurecence were used to evaluate the immunoreactivity, the specific binding of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS with colorectal cancer cell line SW1116 was observed by microscope and electron microscope. The specific cytotoxic effects on target cells were evaluated in vitro by MTT assay. SC3AbHSA(5-Fu)-NS, HSA(5-Fu)-NS and 5-Fu were injected into nude mice bearing human colorectal carcinoma, to study the inhibitory activity of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS in vivo. Results The immunoreactivity of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS was well preserved. SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS can bind the SW1116 cells specifically. The IC50 value for SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS on SW1116 cells was 24.6 μg/ml,which was lower than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS(345.3 μg/ml) and 5-Fu(325.6 μg/ml). The inhibitory rate of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS on the growth of colorectal cancer xenografts was significantly higher than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS or 5-Fu(P＜0.001).Conclusion SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS has immunoreactivity and specific active targeting to the colorectal cancer cells. The anticancer ability of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS is significantly higher than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS and 5-Fu.
Objective To investigate the effect of ultra-filtration on reducing the matrix effects of the immersionof recombination human acellular dermal matrix (rhADM) on detecting residual bovine serum albumin (BSA) by ELISA.Methods Preparation of rhADM immersion: rhADM were rinsed, and then rhADM immersion were prepared. Physiologicalsal ine was used as immersion medium. Presaturation and ultra-filtration: marked the ultra-filtration tubes as PR1 (presaturation protocol 1), PR2 (presaturation protocol 2) and rhADM, respectively, added 2 mL of 1 mg/mL and 10 μg/mL BSA solution into PR1 and PR2 respectively, and added 2 mL of rhADM immersion into rhADM tubes (rhADM1 and rhADM2). The tubes were then centrifuged at 1 500 × g for 20 minutes. The above steps were repeated for 3 times. Take the inner-tube of ultrafiltration into unused centrifuge tube. Added 4 mL of 10 μg/mL BSA solution in PR1 and PR2 tubes, 4 mL of rhADM immersion in rhADM tubes, centrifuged at 1 500 × g for 20 minutes, and then the filtration was colleted. Detecting BSA concentration: the BSA concentrations of all samples were detected by using the quantitative measure of residual BSA ELISA kit. The recoveries of 10 μg/ mL BSA solution treated by presaturation protocol 1 and 2 were calculated (untreated 10 μg/mL BSA solution was as the basic sample, marked R10 and R20 respectively). The correlation coefficient between the logarithm of the filtrate dilution and the absorbance (A) value was calculated and compared with that of water exact without ultra-filtration. Results The BSA concentration of PR1 and R10 was (23.80 ± 1.58) μg/ mL and (9.04 ± 0.24) μg/mL, respectively. The BSA concentration of PR2 and R20 was (8.64 ± 0.24) μg/mL and (8.12 ± 1.01) μg/ mL, respectively. The average recovery of 10 μg/mL BSA was 263.4% ± 16.9% and 106.5% ± 3.0% when the ultra-filtration tubes were presaturaed by PR1 and PR2 (P lt; 0.01), respectively. The BSA recovery of PR2 met the detecting demand. The correlations between A value and sample dilution were increased, the correlationcoefficient was raised from — 0.727 to — 0.960 after rhADM immersion were treated by ultra-filtration. Conclusion Theresults show that the matrix effects can be reduced effectively by ultra-filtration, indicating that an acceptable recovery of BSA can be acquired when ultra-filtration tube is presaturated by sample water extract.
Objective To evaluate the early diagnostic value of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS). Methods The study group consisted of 177 patients with suspected NSTEACS whose blood was collected within six hours after the onset of chest pain to determine cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and IMA was determined through the albumin cobalt binding (ACB) test. After standardized diagnosis and treatment and GRACE risk score, the patients then were divided into three groups according to the final diagnosis: the NSTEMI (non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction) group (n=34), the UA (unstable angina pectoris) group (n=56) and the NICP (non-ischemia chest pain) group (n=87). Meanwhile, 58 people taking the routine examination in the same hospital at that time were randomly selected as the control group. With the results of IMA, ROC curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff of this assay for identifying patients with NSTEACS from those with NICP. Results of IMA, ECG and cTnI were correlated with final diagnosis, and their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were evaluated for NSTEACS. Results The IMA concentration in the serum showed no significant difference between the NSTEMI group and the UA group, whereas there were significant differences between the former two groups and the NICP group. The sensitivity and specificity at a cutoff point 67.49 U/mL were 91.1% and 86.2%, respectively when the ROC curve area was 0.950. The correlation between the IMA concentration and GRACE risk score was negative. Conclusion IMA is an early sensitive indicator for NSTEACS and a useful predictor of prognosis.
Objective To assess the therapeutic effect of sulodexide for diabetic patients with early nephropathy. Methods A total of 60 patients with early diabetic nephropathy (albuminuria: 30 to 300 mg/24 h, male/female: 30/30, mean age: 51.23 years, mean course of disease: 12.9 years) were randomized equally into three groups: the routine treatment group, cozaar group (50 mg qd, po for 12 weeks) and sulodexid group (600 LSU qd, iv or im for 4 weeks, 250 LSU bid, po for 8 weeks). The levels of urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), urea nitrogen and creatinine were determined. Results After three months of treatment, the level of UAER was decreased significantly in both the sulodexide group and cozaar group (Plt;0.01), but not in the routine treatment group (Pgt;0.05). The level of UAER was reduced by 34.04% and 33.62% in the cozaar group and the sulodexide group, respectively. Significant difference was noted in the level of UAER between the cozaar/sulodexide groups and the routine treatment group (Plt;0.01), but no significant difference was observed between cozaar group and sulodexide group (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion Sulodexide could decrease the level of UAER in patients with early diabetic nephropathy. It has similar efficacy to cozaar.
Objective To formulate an evidence-based treatment plan for a patient with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. Methods According to the patient’s clinical conditions, we put forward 5 clinical problems. We searched the Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2005), ACP Journal Club (1991 to 2005), and MEDLINE (1991 to 2005) databases. Systematic review, meta-analysis and randomized controlled trials about the treatment of diabetic nephropathy were included. The treatment plan was developed accordingly. Results Thirteen eligible studies were included. Evidence indicated that an intensive intervention aimed at the multiple potential risk factors could be applied to delay or prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy, which included intensive blood glucose control, tight blood-pressure control, lipid modulation, restriction of protein intake and smoking cessation. The individualized treatment plan was based on the high quality evidence as well as the patient’s specific condition. The patient is still being followed-up. Conclusion Interventions for risk factors of type 2 diabetes like changing living style, decreasing serum glucose, blood pressure, and level of blood fat help to release the clinical symptom and better the long-term living quality of patients.
Objective To search evidence of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors for microalbumin-uria in type 2 diabetes for guiding clinical practice. Methods We searched MEDLINE （ 1970 -Jun. 2005 ） to identify randomized controlled trials （RCT）of the effect on angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors to prevent microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes. Results One RCT （n =1 204）was identified. The result showed that angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors were significantly more effective in prevention of microalbuminuria than other medicines in type 2 diabetes. However, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors may increase the risk of cardiac mortality. We explained the evidence to patients and they were satisfied with our explanation. Conclusions Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors can decrease the incidence of microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
摘要:目的: 探讨血清前白蛋白(prealbumin,PAB)、胆碱脂酶(cholinesterase,ChE)、总胆汁酸(total bile acid,TBA)在肝硬化中的检测价值。 方法 :测定105例肝硬化患者和30例健康人的前白蛋白、胆碱脂酶、总胆汁酸活性及肝功能生化指标,并按ChildPugh分级进行比较。 结果 :肝硬化组前白蛋白含量、胆碱脂酶活性均较对照组显著降低;按ChildPugh分级比较,肝硬化组前白蛋白含量在Child A级与对照组、B级与A级之间、在C级与B级之间差异有显著性(Plt;001);胆碱脂酶活性在Child A级与对照组、B级与A级、C级与B级之间差异有显著性(Plt;001)。总胆汁酸在Child B级与A级,C级与B级间有显著差异性,在A级与对照组间差异无显著性。 结论 :血清前白蛋白、胆碱脂酶在肝硬化早期评估中有很重要的价值,而总胆汁酸在肝硬化预后的判定中有重要价值。 Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the role of prealbumin (PAB), cholinesterase (ChE), and total bile acid (TBA) in evaluating liver reserve function in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods : One hundred and five serum samples from patients with liver cirrhosis were detected in PAB, ChE, TBA and other biochemical markers. All patients were classified in accordance with ChildPugh scale. Results : For PAB, the differences among ChildPugh A, B, C and healthy group were statistically significant (t=1254, 1887, 2316) (Plt;001). For ChE, the differences among ChildPugh A, B, C and healthy group were statistically significant (t=1288, 0856, 1002) (Plt;001). For TBA, the differences among ChildPugh C group, B group and A group were statistically significant (t=0526, 1081)(Plt;001), the difference among ChildPugh A group and healthy group was not statistically significant (t=5615) (Pgt;005). Conclusion : PAB and ChE reflect liver reserve function earlier in patients with liver cirrhosis. The role of TBA is important in reflecting prognosis in patients with liver cirrhosis.
摘要:目的: 研究尿微量白蛋白与冠心病的相关性。 方法 : 按冠状动脉造影诊断标准将116例患者分为冠心病组(82人) 与非冠心病组(34人),测定晨尿白蛋白/ 肌酐浓度值(ACR),比较两组患者尿ACR 并分析ACR与冠脉病变程度的相关性。 结果 : 冠心病组ACR显著高于非冠心病组的; ACR与冠脉计分呈显著的直线正相关。 结论 :冠心病患者ACR水平升高,微量白蛋白尿与冠状动脉病变范围和程度密切相关, 且对冠状动脉狭窄程度具有独立预测价值。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the relationship between microalbuminuria and coronary artery disease(CAD). Methods : According to the diagnostic standard of coronary artery angiography,116 patients were divided into CAD group (82 patients) and nonCAD group (34 patients). The albumin and creatinine concentrationratio ratio(ACR) in morning urine samples from patients of both groups was estimated and compared. The correlation of ACR to the extent of coronary lesions was analyzed. Results : ACR in the CAD group was significantly higher than that in nonCAD group. A distinctly linear positive correlation existed between ACR and the score of the coronary lesions. Conclusion : ACR increase in patients with CHD.Micoalbuminuria was associated with the severity of coronary lesions in patients with CHD and is an independent predictor of CAD.
Objective To study the relation between the pathogenesis of gallstone and blood lipid and protein.Methods Then indexes of blood lipid and protein in 204 cases of gallstone patients were measured and analysed by statistical software SPSS. Results There was a significant difference between the gallstone group and control in the value of proalbumin, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and carrier protein B (Ｐ＜0.01), the value of total protein, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and carrier protein A1 were higher than those in the control (Ｐ＜0.05). Conclusion The indexes mentioned above may play an important role in the gallstone formation.
ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the levels of transferrin (TRF), prealbumin (PAB) and total bile acids (TBA) in serum and the loss of the hepatic reserve function in primary liver cancer (PHC) patients and the importance of the former factors for diagnosis of PHC. MethodsA total of 154 patients with PHC collected between March 2010 and February 2013 were included in our study. Based on the information of hepatic reserve function and the Child-Pugh classification standard, the patients were divided into Child-Pugh-A, B, and C groups with 67, 55 and 42 patients respectively. Another 58 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. Serum TRF, PAB and TBA levels were measured by automated chemiluminescence immunoassay, immune turbidimetric assay and enzymatic cycling respectively, and they were compared among the groups. ResultsTRF level of patients in the control group and Child-Pugh-A, B, and C groups was respectively (2.574±0.214), (1.618±0.135), (0.988±0.121), and (0.314±0.107) g/L, with significant differences among the groups (P<0.05). PAB level of patients in four groups was respectively (269.32±37.29), (165.22±21.01), (123.24±31.15), and (83.66±19.74) mg/L, with significant differences among the groups (P<0.05). TBA level in the above four groups was respectively (9.16±2.48), (65.13±4.25), (133.62±8.44), and (250.73±21.59) μmol/L, and there was also significant differences among the groups. A positive correlation between serum TRF and PAB was found (r=0.927, P<0.001), and negative correlations between serum TBA level and serum TRF and between TBA and PAB were found (r=-0.454, P<0.001; r=-0.432, P<0.001, respectively). ConclusionSerum TRF, PAB and TBA levels are closely related to the hepatic reserve function in PHC patients, and they can be used as an important indicator for PHC diagnosis.