Objective To investigate the relationship between the expressions of P-gp, GST-π and C-erbB-2 and clinicopathologic characteristics as well as prognosis in breast cancer. Methods The expressions of P-gp， GST-π and C-erbB-2 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 48 cases of breast cancer, and histopathologic characteristics as well as 5-year survival rate of these cases were analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in the expressions of P-gp and GST-π with age, histologic grade, number of lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of breast cancer ( P ＞ 0.05). There was significant difference in expression of C-erbB-2 with histologic grade, number of lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of breast cancer （ P ＜ 0.05）. Positive rate of P-gp expression in breast cancer with positive C-erbB-2 expression was remarkably higher than that in breast cancer with negative C-erbB-2 expression ( P ＜ 0.05) . Positive rate of GST-π and C-erbB-2 expression in survivals within 5 years was remarkably lower than that in deaths within 5 years ( P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion P-gp participates primary drug-resistance mechanism of breast cancer. The possibility of primary drug-resistance is higher in breast cancer with positive C-erbB-2 expression. The expression of C-erbB-2 helps to evaluate prognosis and the result of treatment in breast cancer.
Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) for burn wounds of degree II in the elderly patients. Methods From February 2003 to October 2008, 80 patientes with burn wounds of degree II were treated and randomly divided into two groups (n=40). In treatment group, there were 24 males and 16 females with an average age of 70 years (60-86 years), including 20 cases of superficial II degree and 20 cases of deep II degree.Burn wounds were caused by flame in 23 cases, by hot l iquid in 16 cases, and by electricity in 1 case. The mean time from injury to hospital ization was (2.87 ± 2.57) hours. The wounds were treated with silver sulfadiazine (SD-Ag) and rhEGF. In control group, there were 18 males and 22 females with an average age of 69 years (61-83 years), including 19 cases of superficial II degree and 21 cases of deep II degree. Burn wounds were caused by flame in 23 cases, by hot l iquid in 14 cases, by electricity in 2 cases, and by chemistry in 1 case. The mean time from injury to hospital ization was (3.39 ± 3.33) hours. The wounds were treated with SD-Ag. The dressing was changed every day until wounds heal ing. There were no significant differences in general data between two groups (P gt; 0.05). Results Wound did not heal in 1 case (deep II degree) of treatment group and in 5 cases (deep II degree) of control group over 40 days and free skin graft was used to repair wound. One case (superficial II degree ) in control group gave up treatment. One case (deep II degree) died of pulmonary infection in treatment group. These cases were excluded and 72 cases were analysed. No other side reactions were observed in teatment group except for flash stabbing pain (4 cases) and pruritus (2 cases). Wound infection occurred in 5 cases of the control group and in 3 cases of the treatment group, and wound healed after symptomatic treatment. The heal ing time of burn wound was (14.30 ± 1.26) days (superficial II degree) and (26.11 ± 2.97) days (deep II degree) in the treatment group, was (16.22 ± 1.40) days (superficial II degree) and (29.13 ± 4.99) days (deep II degree) in control group, showing significant difference between two groups (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Incombined treatment, rhEGF can promote the heal ing of burn wounds of degree II in the elderly patients.
Objective To investigate the effect of topical external administration of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) when controll ing blood sugar on expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and EGFR mRNA of wound in diabetes mell itus (DM) combined with scald. Methods A total of 136 male Wistar rats weighing (188.57 ± 6.59) g were randamly divided into 4 groups (groups A, B, C, and D, n=34). The rats was made DM model by intraperitoneal injected 60 mg/kg streptozocin in groups A, B, and C; rats were injected buffer alone in group D as control group. After 8 weeks, the rats of 4 groups were placed in 80℃ hot water for 6 seconds for preparation of the back deep II degree scald model. In group A, the blood sugar level was controlled at the level of group D 1 week before scald model; within 24 hours after models preparation, rhEGF was sprayed on wound at 150 U/cm2 . In group B, the rats were given the same treatment as group A except not controll ing blood sugar. In group C, the blood sugar was controlled as group A and wound was suture fixation with 1% silver sulfadiazine cream at 24 hours after the model. In group D, the same treatment as group A was given after injury. The heal ing rate of the wound was detected at 3, 7, 11, 15, and 21 days after injury; the EGFR mRNA expression was determined by mRNA hybridization in situ, and the EGFR protein expression was deterimined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot at 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 15, and 21 days. Results All the rats survived at the end of experiment. There was no significant difference in the heal ing rate of the wound among the 4 groups at 3 days (P gt; 0.05). The heal ing rate of the wound was significantly higher in groups A and D than in groups B and C (P lt; 0.05) at 7, 11, 15, and 21 days. The expession of EGFR mRNA in 4 groups was observed by hybridization in situ, which mainly distributed in the dermal fibroblasts, capillary endothel ial cells and remnants of skin and wound edge epithel ium of the subsidiary; the expessions reached the peak at 5 days in group A, at 7 days in groups B and C, and at 11 days in group D; and the peak level was significantly higher in groups A and D than in groups B and C (P lt; 0.05). Immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed that the expession of EGFR protein was observed in 4 groups and reached the peak level at 7 days in groups A and B, and at 11 days in groups C and D; showing significant difference between groups B, C and groups A, D (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion External appl ication of rhEGF when controll ing blood sugar can accelerate obviously the wound heal ing in DM combined with scald. After controll ing blood sugar, external appl ication of rhEGF can boost obviously the expressions of EGFR mRNA, EGFR, and the extending process of signal conduction.
OBJECTIVE: To explore an optimal method of recombinant human epidermal growth factor(rhEGF) application on the burn wounds of superficial II degree and profound II degree for accelerating its healing. METHODS: There were 180 burn wounds in 60 patients with the self-corresponding wound of the same degree as controls. The wounds of all patients were divided three regions(A, B, C). The wounds were treated once a day with 1% SD-Ag in region A as controls, with rhEGF(40 U/cm2) in region B, and with a combination of rhEGF(40 U/cm2) and Su Yu Ping (5 g) in region C. The wound healing time was recorded and compared. RESULTS: In regions A, B and C, the healing time of superficial II degree wound was (13.20 +/- 2.40) days, (10.20 +/- 2.20) days and (8.72 +/- 2.31) days (P lt; 0.01); that of profound II degree wound was (20.10 +/- 3.40) days, (17.20 +/- 3.12) days and (15.10 +/- 3.81) days respectively (P lt; 0.01, P lt; 0.05). The healed wound of profound II degree was elastic and tough in regions B and C, while that was not elastic and tough, and congestive in region A. CONCLUSION: The above results indicate that rhEGF can enhance burn wound healing markedly and that a combination rhEGF and Su Yu Ping has more significant effect than rhEGF alone and is recommended for clinical application.
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) on healing of chronic ulcer wound. METHODS From January 1999 to January 2001, twenty-six patients with chronic wounds were adopted in this study. Among them, there were 17 males and 9 females, aged from 12 to 61 years. The area of the chronic wound varied from 3 cm x 3 cm to 5 cm x 8 cm and the disease course was 7 to 16 days. These patients were treated with rhEGF in the way of sprinkling locally (400 U/10 cm2). Another 26 patients with chronic wounds were adopted as the control group and were treated with 0.9% saline in the same way. The healing time of wounds and the local and systemic reactions of patients were observed. RESULTS The healing time of chronic wounds was shorter obviously to about 7 days with rhEGF than that of the control group and there was significant difference between the two groups(P lt; 0.01). CONCLUSION rhEGF can obviously promote the healing of chronic ulcer wound.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficiency of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) on burn wound healing and to explore the effective density of the ointments. METHODS: A total of 120 cases of burn in superficial II degree and profound II degree were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the first group of 15 cases of superficial II degree, the wounds were treated by rhEGF ointments of different density, 0.5 microgram/g, 10 micrograms/g and 50 micrograms/g, to screen out the effective density. And in the other 105 cases of the second group, optimal density of the ointments based on the result of the first group were employed to treat the burn wound in superficial II degree and profound II degree, with the self-corresponding wounds of the same degree as control, to study the efficiency of rhEGF on wound healing, according to the wound healing time, and adverse reaction of the ointment. RESULTS: In the first group, the average healing time of superficial II wound treated by ointments of 10 micrograms/g and 50 micrograms/g significantly shortened when compared with that treated by ointments of 0.5 microgram/g(P lt; 0.01), but there was no obvious difference between the cases treated by ointments of 10 micrograms/g and 50 micrograms/g. In the second group, the healing time of superficial II wound treated by ointments of 10 micrograms/g was (8.39 +/- 2.25) days, (9.52 +/- 2.56) days in the control (P lt; 0.01); and healing time of profound II burn treated by ointments of 10 micrograms/g was (16.80 +/- 2.99) days, (18.27 +/- 3.17) days in the control (P lt; 0.01). And healing rates of burn wound at different periods were higher than those of the control. CONCLUSION: The above results indicate that rhEGF ointments can enhance burn wound healing significantly, and the ointment of 10 micrograms/g is a good choice for clinical application.
Objective To investigate the activation and role of signal transduction pathway of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in proliferation of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Methods Human RPE cells were stimulated with 0.1%，10% foetal calfserum (FCS) and EGF(0.1, 1, 10, 50 and 100 ng/ml)in 0.1% FCS Dulbeco′s modified Eagle′s medium (DMEM) and in 10% FCS DMEM for 3 days, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization were used to observe the expressions of EGFR protein and EGFR mRNA，respectively. Activation of MAPK was detected by immunohistochemical method with specific anti-phosphorylated ERK 1/2 antibody. Results The optimal concentrations of EGF were 10 ng/ml in 0.1% FCS DMEM and 1 ng/ml in 10% FCS DMEM. After 3 days of stimulation with EGF, phosphorylated ERK 1/2 staining was detectable in nucleus of RPE cells, whereas cells presented immunostaining for phosphorylated ERK 1/2 in the cytoplasm before stimulation. Conclusions EGF may improve the expression of EGFR protein and EGFR mRNA of RPE cells, and induced MAPK nuclear translocation in a concentration-dependent manner. EGF-EGFR-MAPK signal transduction pathway may play a key role in RPE cells proliferation, and serum exerts an important acceclerating function in the process. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：67-132)
Objective Investigate the effect and treatment prospects of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor（uPAR）in human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 （HER-2） positive breast cancer. Method Aricals related effect of uPAR in HER-2 positive breast caner were retrieved through Pubmed， and the role of uPAR was reviewed. Results uPAR played a very important role in the HER-2 positive breast cancer， anti-uPAR monomer or uPAR binding inhibitors could inhibit the growth， invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells. Conclusion uPAR is one of the effective target for breast cancer， and it provides a new breakthrough in the treatment of HER-2 positive breast cancer.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of heparin binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) on liver regeneration after partial orthotopic liver transplantation. MethodsFourty SD rats were used to establish the model of partial orthotopic liver transplantation with ameliorated two-cuff technique. Then all the rats were divided into 2 groups: experiment group and control group. Twenty rats of experiment group were administered 500 μg/kg HBEGF via vena caudalis immediately after operation twice a day, while the same volume of saline was administered to the rats in control group. Five rats in each group were selected randomly and killed at the 6th hour, day 2, 4 and 7 after operation, respectively. The serum levels of albumin (Alb) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the blood sample were detected. Every liver was removed and weighed. The expression of Ki67 was detected by using immunohistochemistry assay. The regeneration activity of hepatocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry. ResultsThe wet weights of liver in experiment group were all significantly higher than that in control group at the 6th hour, day 2 and 4 after transplantation (P＜0.05). The serum levels of ALT were significantly lower in experiment group than those in control group at the 6th hour, day 2， 4, 7 after operation (P＜0.05), while the levels of Alb were significantly higher on day 4 and 7. The proliferating index and Ki-67 labeling index of graft in experiment group were higher than those in control group on day 2 and 4 after transplantation （2 d: P＜0.01; 4 d: P＜0.05）. ConclusionHBEGF could promote the regeneration of rat hepatocytes after partial liver transplantation.
ObjectiveTo summarize the biological characteristics of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2/neu) gene, the expression and meaning of HER-2/neu gene in gastric cancer, and clinical application of targeted medicine of HER-2/neu gene in gastric cancer. MethodsRelated literatures about HER-2/neu gene and gastric cancer were retrieved for a review. ResultsHER-2/neu gene encoded human epidermal growth factor receptor, and it participated in the gene regulation of tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis through the downstream signal transduction pathway. Amplification of HER-2/neu gene or overexpression of HER-2 was closely bound up to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, however, whether it could be used as independent prognostic factors of gastric cancer remained to be controversial. Several targeted medicine of HER-2/neu gene had applied to clinical at present, and all of them obtained good short-term effect. ConclusionHER-2/neu gene is a reliable target of gastric cancer and targeted medicine of HER-2/neu gene has a promising prospect.