From 1984 to 1994, 196 patients with massive upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (hemorrhagic gastritis 137 cases, gastric ulcer 59 cases) caused by acute gastric mucosal lesions were treated in our hospital. As soon as the diagnosis was established, the stress factors in relation to acute gastric mucosal lesions and the factors damaging gastric mucosal barrier should he dispeled and hypovolemia should he corrected. In this group, the operative mortality were as follow: stress ulcer 6.3%, hemorrhagic gastritis 33.3%. According to this result, we consider that in cases of hemorrhagic gastritis the surgical operation must be considered with great care, but for stress ulcer with massive bleeding energetic surgical operation should be taken.
Objective To investigate the CT manifestation and clinical significance of the gastrointestinal tract involvement in acute pancreatitis (AP). Methods Two hundreds CT scans in 131 patients with acute pancreatitis between Jan. 1, 2009 and Jun. 30, 2009 were included into the study. Two radiologists analyzed the images retrospectively, paying attention to the CT features of the gastrointestinal tract involvement, such as the style, distribution, and so on. The correlation between gastrointestinal tract involvement and CT severity index, clinical severity grading, and turnover of acute pancreatitis were studied using a SPSS 14.0 for windows statistics software. Results The CT images in 109 (83.2%) patients showed gastrointestinal tract involvement, which distributing mainly stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and transverse colon, and showing mainly the gastrointestinal tract wall thickening and distension. The gastrointestinal tract involvement had positive correlation with CT severity index, clinical severity grading, and turnover of acute pancreatitis (r=0.689， P=0.000; r=0.584， P=0.000; r=0.346， P=0.000). Conclusions The gastrointestinal tract involvement is common complication in acute pancreatitis and concerns with severity and prognosis of the disease. As other extrapancreatic organs involvement, the gastrointestinal tract involvement has important value for severity assessment, prognosis evaluation, and therapeutic effect monitoring of acute pancreatitis.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of preoperative gum chewing on the postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.MethodsA total of 160 patients undergoing elective gynecologic laparoscopic surgery between January and May 2013 were selected to participate in the study. Each patient was randomly assigned to one of the two groups: the trial group (n=80) or the control group (n=80). Thirty to sixty minutes before the surgery, the patients in the trial group chewed one piece of sugarless gum for at least 30 minutes, and then removed the gum before being taken to the operating room; while the patients in the control group chewed nothing. The time to first passage of flatus and the time to first defecation after surgery, length of hospital stay, the degrees of pain at 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 24-, 48-hour after surgery, the incidences of postoperative nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension, postoperative analgesic and antiemetic drug requirement were recorded.ResultsThe mean time to first passage of flatus was significantly earlier in the trial group than that in the control group [(16.49±7.64) vs. (20.25±7.94) hours, P=0.003]. The mean time to first defecation was significantly earlier in the trial group than that in the control group [(48.16±15.25) vs. (55.80±18.97) hours, P=0.006]. The degree of pain at 2-hour after surgery was significantly lighter in the trial group than that in the control group (P<0.05). Fewer participants in the trial group than in the control group experienced postoperative nausea (43.75% vs. 61.25%, P=0.027). There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay, the degrees of pain at 4-, 6-, 8-, 24- and 48-hour after surgery, incidences of postoperative vomiting and abdominal distension, postoperative analgesic, or antiemetic drug requirement between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionsGum chewing before surgery can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, reduce postoperative short-term pain, and promote postoperative rehabilitation in patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. Gum chewing before surgery can be used clinically as an easy, inexpensive, safe, and effective procedure.
ObjectiveTo analyze and conclude CT and MRI imaging features of ectopic pancreas in gastrointestinal tract so as to improve the understanding of the features.MethodsThe clinical, imaging, and pathological data of 12 patients with ectopic pancreas in the gastrointestinal tract confirmed by the pathology in the Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from November 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristics of image presentation were summarized.Results① The anatomical distribution: all patients had a single lesion. Of the 12 cases, 6 cases located in the gastric body lesser curvature, 3 cases located in the gastric angle, 1 case located in the posterior wall of gastric antrum, 1 case occurred in the upper jejunum, and 1 case occurred in the terminal ileum; 8 cases located in the submucosa, 2 cases located in the submucosa and muscular layer simultaneously, 1 case located in the submucosa, muscular and serous layer simultaneously, and 1 case located in the muscular layer. ② Size of the lesions: the maxium dimensions of the lesions were all 3 cm or less, and the long axes of the lesions were parallel to the gastrointestinal tract wall in 10 cases. ③ The internal characteristics: the results of 9 of 11 cases showed the isodensity compared to main pancreas on the plain CT scan. The results of 8 patients with enhanced CT showed the moderate to obvious enhancement, with 2 cases showed the slightly enhanced flaky or tube-like foci. In the arterial phase and portal venous phase, 6 cases showed the isodensity compared to main pancreas respectively. The result of MRI in 1 patient showed the isointensity compared to main pancreas on the plain scan and obviously heterogeneous enhancement.ConclusionCT and MRI could provide some information about location, size, and internal density or intensity of ectopic pancreas, and could be helpful for diagnosis.
Objective To summarize the imaging manifestation and identification of ectopic pancreas (EP), so as to improve clinicians and radiologists’ knowledge of EP and aid in accurate preoperative diagnosis, thereby reducing the misdiagnosis rate and avoiding unnecessary surgery. Methods Combined with clinical experience and relevant literatures in recent years, the histopathology, common imaging manifestations and main differential diagnosis of ectopic pancreas were summarized. Results EP is a rare congenital developmental anomaly of pancreas, the most common location is the upper digestive system. At present, the commonly used imaging technology is computed tomography. The imaging findings of ectopic pancreas were similar to those of normal pancreas, and its density and enhancement characteristics were related to its histopathological composition. The specific signs of ectopic pancreas include “central umbilical sign” “ductal structure” and “flat/adherent sign”. Heterotopic pancreas should be differentiated from submucosal tumor of gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions The imaging findings of EP have certain characteristics. For some cases with atypical imaging findings, imaging diagnosis is difficult.