Objective To investigate the mastery of the management knowledge of patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation by cardiac surgeons in Beijing tertiary hospitals, and the practice status and obstacles of following the guidelines for postoperative atrial fibrillation. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select cardiac surgeons from four tertiary hospitals in Beijing, and a self-designed questionnaire on the management of postoperative atrial fibrillation patients was used. Results A total of 227 valid questionnaires were collected. Only 43.8% of doctors and 12.8% of nurses passed in knowledge, and 33.3% of doctors and 28.5% of nurses passed in behavior. Among them, risk factor assessment, preventive medication, stroke and bleeding risk assessment were the weakest. "No department requirements" is a common barrier to healthcare worker guideline practice. Job title and participation in training are common influencing factors that affect the knowledge and behavior of healthcare workers, and knowledge level is an important factor affecting healthcare worker behavior. Conclusion In order to improve the effect of CABG surgery and improve the quality of postoperative patient management, hospitals should further strengthen the knowledge and skills training of medical staff on the management guidelines of postoperative atrial fibrillation with CABG, formulate relevant systems to guarantee guidelines for clinical use.