Human lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 (hLFA3) has been identified as an important T cell accessory molecule. Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) have been widely used as animal models for human immune disorders. Due to the species-specificity of immune system, it is necessary to study M. mulatta LFA3 (mmLFA3). In this study, the gene encoding mmLFA3 CD2-binding domain (mmLFA3Sh) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and genetically fused to human IgG1 Fc fragment in pPIC9K to construct the expression plasmid pPIC9K-mmLFA3Sh-Ig. Approximately 3-4 mg mmLFA3Sh-Ig protein was recovered from 1 L of inductive media, and mmLFA3Sh-Ig produced by the P. pastoris can bind to the CD2 positive cells, and suppress the monkey and human lymphocytes proliferation induced by Con A and alloantigen in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that mmLFA3Sh-Ig might be used as a novel tool for pathogenesis and experimental immunotherapy of Rhesus monkey immune disorders.
ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical outcomes of cardiac surgery in patients after kidney transplantation underwent immunosuppression therapy. Methods Clinical data of 6 patients (including 4 males and 2 females aged from 27 to 66 years) undergoing cardiac surgery after kidney transplantation with immunosuppression between January 2011 and October 2013 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Two patients underwent off pump coronary artery bypass grafting, 3 patients underwent aortic valve replacement and 1 patient underwent mitral valve replacement. The interval between kidney transplantation and cardiac operation was 8.5±1.7 years (range, 6-10 years). ResultsAll the operations were performed successfully without in-hospital death and complications. Operation time was 237.0±93.0 min. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was 101.3±16.7 min. Aortic cross-clamping time was 75.6±9.7 min. in-hospital stay was 17±6 d. There was a statistical difference in preoperative and postoperative left ventricle ejection fraction (63.5%±4.5% vs. 56.5%±5.8%, P < 0.05), as well as preoperative and postoperative left ventricular enddiastolic diameter (54.5±8.5 mm vs. 43.7±6.8 mm, P < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference in preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine levels (103.7±15.1μmol/L vs. 106.6±34.7μmol/L, P > 0.05). The mean follow-up time of the 6 patients was 4-15 months. The follow-up rate was 100%. All the patients were in cardiac function NYHA classⅠ-Ⅱ. And the quality of life was improved. ConclusionCardiac operations for kidney transplant recipients undergoing immunosuppressive treatment are effective and safe as long as appropriate perioperative treatment are taken.
ObjectiveTo summarize progress of immune response in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and to provide a basis for appropriate immunotheraphy.MethodThe relevant literatures about the effect of immune response in the SAP with infectious complications in recent years were reviewed.ResultsThe inflammatory cascade reaction occurred in the early stage of SAP. Subsequently, the compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS) arised and immune response of the organism was suppressed. At this stage, the rate of infection was higher than before.ConclusionsCARS is one of major reasons in SAP with infectious complications. At present, fluid infusion, fasting, parenteral nutrition and like are major therapies in SAP. If corresponding immunotherapy could be carried out according to immune mechanism of SAP infection, that is, early appropriate immunosuppressive therapy and dynamic monitoring of body’s immune system state should be performed, when it is found that immunosuppression is present, appropriate immunostimulus therapy will be possible to reduce mortality of SAP and improve its prognosis.
Glioma is one of the most common primary tumors in the human brain with poor prognosis. The local and systemic immunosuppressive environment created by glioma cells enables them to evade immunosurveillance. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a critical component of the immunosuppression system. They are a heterogeneous cell population composed of early myeloid progenitor cells and precursor cells. Although the cells are diverse in phenotypes and functions, they all have strong immunosuppressive functions. MDSCs are extensively infiltrated into tumor tissues and play an important role in the glioma immunosuppressive microenvironment, which also hinders the immunotherapeutic effects of glioma. This article will review the phenotypic characteristics of MDSCs in the glioma microenvironment and their role in the progression of glioma. It is of positive significance to better understand the pathogenesis of glioma and explore effective comprehensive treatments.
From December 2022 to January 2023, 4 lung transplant recipients (3 males and 1 female, aged 52-60 years, all received transplantation less than 1 year) were hospitalized in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University due to COVID-19 after surgery. The clinical manifestations were mostly characterized by elevated body temperature accompanied by shortness of breath, and indicators such as heart rate, oxygen saturation, and oxygenation index could reflect the severity of the condition. The therapy was timely adjusted to immunosuppressive drugs, upgraded oxygen therapy, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal therapy, prone ventilation, general treatment, and anticoagulant therapy, depending on the situation. Finally, 3 patients were cured and discharged from hospital, and 1 died.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of preoperative immunosuppressive therapy combined with surgical intervention. MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on Behçet's disease patients who underwent cardiac surgery at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from 2012 to 2021. Patients were divided into immunosuppressive group and non-immunosuppressive group based on whether they received immunosuppressive therapy before surgery. The complications and long-term survival rates of the two groups were analyzed. ResultsA total of 28 patients were included, among which 2 patients underwent reoperation, a total of 30 surgeries were performed, including 16 males (53.3%), and the confirmed age was 37 (31, 45) years old. There were 15 surgeries in the immunosuppressive group and 15 surgeries in the non-immunosuppressive group. Compared with the non-immunosuppressive group, the incidence of complications during hospitalization in the immunosuppressive group was lower (13.3% vs. 53.3%, P=0.008). One patient died in hospital, and the rest were discharged and followed up, with a median follow-up time of 38.7 (15.1, 57.3) months, and there was no statistically significant difference in long-term survival rate between the two groups (26.7% vs. 6.7%, P=0.158). There was no statistically significant difference in the cumulative incidence of complications one month (20% vs. 53%, P=0.058) and one year (27% vs. 60%, P=0.065) after surgery between the immunosuppressive group and the non-immunosuppressive group, but there was a statistically significant difference in the cumulative incidence of complications three years after surgery (47% vs. 92%, P=0.002). ConclusionSurgical treatment can save lives in Behçet's disease patients with cardiovascular diseases, but the incidence of postoperative complications is high. Timely use of immunosuppressants before cardiovascular surgery can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.