Endoscopic bariatric treatment (EBT) is an effective method for the treatment of obesity. The principle of weight loss is similar to metabolic bariatric surgery. It can be classified as a food restriction (stomach-targeted) and malabsorption (small intestine-targeted). At present, a lot of EBT devices had been cleared by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat obesity, while the EBT in China lagged behind Western countries. Hence, we reviewed the current stomach-targeted EBT, aiming to provide a reference for the supplement of obesity treatment methods and the development of EBT in China.
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) was recommended as the gold standard procedure for metabolic and bariatric surgery by the National Institutes of Health in the 1990s and then had been adopted till now, which could effectively control excess weight and treat metabolic diseases relevant to obesity in a long term. The current LRYGB procedure had been performed more than half a century of development and update, and is still constantly evolving. Standardized and precise surgical procedures are of great significance in ensuring treatment effect and reducing the incidence of complications. Thus, the author reviewed the development process of LRYGB, further understanding and emphasizing the importance of standardized and precise surgical procedures.
Skeletal muscle and metabolic function are important factors affecting the health status of the elderly. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) can improve muscle recovery, reduce muscle soreness after exercise, and BCAA can also enhance metabolic health, helping to regulate blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity in the elderly. In addition, BCAA can improve cognitive function, reducing the risk of age-related cognitive decline. This article reviews the relationship between BCAA and aging, skeletal muscle, and metabolic diseases, explaining how BCAA can support and promote muscle mass and function in the elderly, as well as have a positive impact on metabolic health and cognitive function.