Objective To design a nucleic acid information early warning system and evaluate the effect of the application. Methods 60 nurses working in the clinical department of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from August to October 2021 were selected by convenient sampling method, and the included nurses were divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group used the nucleic acid information early warning system, and the control group used the nucleic acid registration in a common way. Statistical duration of the nucleic acid information, nucleic acid leakage detection rate and nurses job satisfaction after application were compared between the two groups. Results After the application of nucleic acid information early warning system, compared with the control group, the statistical duration of the nucleic acid information in the experimental group was shortened [(2.0±0.4) vs. (3.8±0.7) min; t=25.827, P<0.001], nucleic acid leakage detection rate decreased [1.4% vs. 6.9%; P=0.019]. The job satisfaction of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). Conclusions Applying the nucleic acid information early warning system could reduce statistical duration of the nucleic acid information, nucleic acid leakage detection rate and improve nurses job satisfaction and work experience. It will provide reference and basis for medical institutions to normalize the management of nucleic acid prevention and control in medical institutions.