Research progress on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based polymer micelles as drug carriers_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

JIANG Linrui ¹ , ZENG Ni ¹ , MIAO Qingshan ¹ , WU Changqiang ² , SHAN Shaoyun ¹ ,  SU Hongying ¹

1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China;
2. Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer; Polymer micelles; Fluorescent probe pairs; Drug carrier

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202111040

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Polymer micelles formed by self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers are widely used in drug delivery, gene delivery and biosensors, due to their special hydrophobic core/hydrophilic shell structure and nanoscale. However, the structural stability of polymer micelles can be affected strongly by environmental factors, such as temperature, pH, shear force in the blood and interaction with non-target cells, leading to degradations and drug leakage as drug carriers. Therefore, researches on the structural integrity and in vivo distribution of micelle-based carriers are very important for evaluating their therapeutic effect and clinical feasibility. At present, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technology has been widely used in real-time monitoring of aggregation, dissociation and distribution of polymer micelles (in vitro and in vivo). In this review, the polymer micelles, characteristics of FRET technology, structure and properties of the FRET-polymer micelles are briefly introduced. Then, methods and mechanism for combinations of several commonly used fluorescent probes into polymer micelles structures, and progresses on the stability and distribution studies of FRET-polymer micelles (in vitro and in vivo) as drug carriers are reviewed, and current challenges of FRET technology and future directions are discussed.

Citation： JIANG Linrui, ZENG Ni, MIAO Qingshan, WU Changqiang, SHAN Shaoyun, SU Hongying. Research progress on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based polymer micelles as drug carriers. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2022, 39(5): 1022-1032. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202111040 Copy

1.	Sun Q, Zhou Z, Qiu N, et al. Rational design of cancer nanomedicine: nanoproperty integration and synchronization. Adv Mater, 2017, 29(14): 1606628.
2.	Cabral H, Miyata K, Osada K, et al. Block copolymer micelles in nanomedicine applications. Chem Rev, 2018, 118(14): 6844-6892.
3.	Gothwal A, Khan I, Gupta U. Polymeric micelles: recent advancements in the delivery of anticancer drugs. Pharm Res, 2016, 33(1): 18-39.
4.	Bresseleers J, Bagheri M, Storm G, et al. Scale-up of the manufacturing process to produce docetaxel-loaded mPEG-b-p(HPMA-Bz) block copolymer micelles for pharmaceutical applications. Org Process Res Dev, 2019, 23(12): 2707-2715.
5.	Rajdev P, Ghosh S. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET): a powerful tool for probing amphiphilic polymer aggregates and supramolecular polymers. J Phys Chem B, 2018, 123(2): 327-342.
6.	Owen S C, Chan D, Shoichet M S. Polymeric micelle stability. Nano Today, 2012, 7(1): 53-65.
7.	Jette K K, Law D, Schmitt E A, et al. Preparation and drug loading of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) micelles through the evaporation of a cosolvent azeotrope. Pharm Res, 2004, 21(7): 1184-1191.
8.	Xie M, Wang S, Singh A, et al. Fluorophore exchange kinetics in block copolymer micelles with varying solvent-fluorophore and solvent-polymer interactions. Soft Matter, 2016, 12(29): 6196-6205.
9.	Mi A, Nm A, Mrb C, et al. Recent advances in FRET-Based biosensors for biomedical applications. Anal Biochem, 2021, 630: 114323.
10.	Quast R B Margeat E. Studying GPCR conformational dynamics by single molecule fluorescence. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 2019, 493(4): 110469.
11.	Sanders J C Holmstrom E D. Integrating single-molecule FRET and biomolecular simulations to study diverse interactions between nucleic acids and proteins. Essays Biochem, 2021, 65(1): 37-49.
12.	Wu L L, Huang C S, Emery B, et al. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based small-molecule sensors and imaging agents. Chem Soc Rev, 2020, 49(15): 5110-5139.
13.	Zhang X, Hu Y, Yang X, et al. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors for biological applications. Biosens Bioelectron, 2019, 138: 111314.
14.	Charron D M, Zheng Gang. Nanomedicine development guided by FRET imaging. Nano Today, 2018, 18: 124-136.
15.	Chen T, Li C, Li Y, et al. Oral delivery of a nanocrystal formulation of schisantherin a with improved bioavailability and brain delivery for the treatment of parkinson's disease. Mol Pharm, 2016, 13(11): 3864-3875.
16.	Deal J, Pleshinger D J, Johnson S C, et al. Milestones in the development and implementation of FRET-based sensors of intracellular signals: a biological perspective of the history of FRET. Cell Signal, 2020, 75: 109769.
17.	Saini S, Singh H, Bagchi B. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in chemistry and biology: Non-Förster distance dependence of the FRET rate. J Chem Sci, 2006, 118(1): 23-35.
18.	Castellani C M, Torres-Ocampo A P, Breffke J, et al. Live-cell FLIM-FRET using a commercially available system. Method Cell Biol, 2020, 158: 63-89.
19.	Bryce B, Wang E, Zhang S, et al. A guide to fluorescent protein FRET pairs. Sensors-Basel, 2016, 16(9): 1488.
20.	Wen L, Fan Z, Mikulski Z, et al. Imaging of the immune system - towards a subcellular and molecular understanding. J Cell Sci, 2020, 133(5): jcs234922.
21.	Lu M. Single-molecule FRET imaging of virus spike–host interactions. Viruses, 2021, 13(2): 332.
22.	Choi J H, Ha T, Shin M, et al. Nanomaterial-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) to detect nucleic acid in cancer diagnosis. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(8): 928.
23.	Dmitriev R I, Intes X, Barroso M M. Luminescence lifetime imaging of three-dimensional biological objects. J Cell Sci, 2021, 134(9): 1-17.
24.	Hwang K, Mou Q, Lake R J, et al. Metal-dependent DNAzymes for the quantitative detection of metal ions in living cells: recent progress, current challenges, and latest results on FRET ratiometric sensors. IInorg Chem, 2019, 58(20): 13696-13708.
25.	Irvine D J, Dane E L. Enhancing cancer immunotherapy with nanomedicine. Nat Rev Immunol, 2020, 20(5): 321-334.
26.	Corby M J, Raicu V, Frick D N. New techniques to study intracellular receptors in living cells: insights into RIG-I-Like receptor signaling. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018, 111: 219-240.
27.	Patra J K, Das G, Fraceto L F, et al. Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects. J Nanobiotechnol, 2018, 16(1): 71.
28.	Lu M, Ma X, Mothes W. Illuminating the virus life cycle with single-molecule FRET imaging. Adv Virus Res, 2019, 105: 239-273.
29.	Ruan Z, Liu L, Fu L, et al. An amphiphilic block copolymer conjugated with carborane and a NIR fluorescent probe for potential imaging-guided BNCT therapy. Polym Chem, 2016, 7: 4411-4418.
30.	Zhao Y, Schapotschnikow P, Skajaa T, et al. Probing lipid coating dynamics of quantum dot core micelles via forster resonance energy transfer. Small, 2014, 10(6): 1163-1170.
31.	Dan K, Rajdev P, Deb J, et al. Remarkably stable amphiphilic random copolymer assemblies: a structure-property relationship study. J Polym Sci Pol Chem, 2013, 51(22): 4932-4943.
32.	Hao N, Sun C, Wu Z, et al. Fabrication of polymeric micelles with aggregation-induced emission and forster resonance energy transfer for anticancer drug delivery. Bioconjug Chem, 2017, 28(7): 1944-1954.
33.	Usama S M, Thompson T, Burgess K. Productive manipulation of cyanine dye π-networks. Angew. Chem Int Ed, 2019, 58(27): 8974-8976.
34.	Garcia-Amorós J, Tang S, Zhang Y, et al. Self-assembling nanoparticles of amphiphilic polymers for in vitro and in vivo FRET imaging. Top Curr Chem, 2016, 370: 29-59.
35.	Wei Xuan, Dong Ruijiao, Wang Dali, et al. Supramolecular fluorescent nanoparticles constructed via multiple non-covalent interactions for the detection of hydrogen peroxide in cancer cells. Chem Eur J, 2015, 21(32): 11427-11434.
36.	Li Y, Miao X, Chen T, et al. Zebrafish as a visual and dynamic model to study the transport of nanosized drug delivery systems across the biological barriers. Colloids Surf B, 2017, 156: 227-235.
37.	Liang Y Y, Zhang J, Cui H, et al. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based nanoarchitecture for monitoring deubiquitinating enzyme activity. Chem Comm, 2020, 56(21): 3183-3186.
38.	Tao Jinsong, Wei Zhengjie, He Yuan, et al. Toward understanding the prolonged circulation and elimination mechanism of crosslinked polymeric micelles in zebrafish model. Biomaterials, 2020, 256: 120180.
39.	钱慧敏, 陈海燕, 王旻, 等. 近红外标记技术在生物医药领域的应用. 药物生物技术, 2006, 13(4): 306-309.
40.	Widengren J, Schwille P. Characterization of photoinduced isomerization and back-isomerization of the cyanine dye cy5 by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. J Phys Chem, 2000, 104(27): 6416-6428.
41.	Mishra A, Behera R K, Behera P K, et al. Cyanines during the 1990s: a review. Chem Rev, 2000, 100(6): 1973-2012.
42.	Luo S, Zhang E, Su Y, et al. A review of NIR dyes in cancer targeting and imaging. Biomaterials, 2011, 32(29): 7127-7138.
43.	Fu L, Yuan P, Ruan Z, et al. Ultra-pH-sensitive polypeptide micelles with large fluorescence off/on ratio in near infrared range. Polym Chem, 2016, 8(6): 1028-1038.
44.	Ruan Z, Yuan P, Li T, et al. Glutathione triggered near infrared fluorescence imaging-guided chemotherapy by cyanine conjugated polypeptide. ACS Biomater Sci Eng, 2018, 4(12): 4208-4218.
45.	Liang Y, Huo Q, Lu W, et al. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer visualization of molecular delivery from polymeric micelles. J Biomed Nanotechnol, 2018, 14(7): 1308-1316.
46.	Saqr A, Vakili M R, Huang Y H, et al. Development of traceable rituximab-modified PEO-polyester micelles by postinsertion of PEG-phospholipids for targeting of B-cell lymphoma. ACS Omega, 2019, 4(20): 18867-18879.
47.	Gupta M K, Meyer T A, Nelson C E, et al. Poly(PS-b-DMA) micelles for reactive oxygen species triggered drug release. J Control Release, 2012, 162(3): 591-598.
48.	李瑞, 宋晓宁, 张华, 等. FRET 技术研究 PEG-PCL 胶束跨 MDCK 细胞单层转运的完整性. 药学学报, 2016, 51(8): 1316-1324.
49.	Zhou Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, et al. Azoreductase-triggered fluorescent nanoprobe synthesized by RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly for drug release. Polym Chem, 2020, 11(35): 5619-5629.
50.	Yang J, Zhang R, Radford D C, et al. FRET-trackable biodegradable HPMA copolymer-epirubicin conjugates for ovarian carcinoma therapy. J Control Release, 2015, 218: 36-44.
51.	Zhang R, Yang J, Sima M, et al. Sequential combination therapy of ovarian cancer with degradable N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide copolymer paclitaxel and gemcitabine conjugates. P Natl Acad Sci USA, 2014, 111(33): 12181-12186.
52.	Wang X, Li J, Yan Q, et al. In situ probing intracellular drug release from redox-responsive micelles by united FRET and AIE. Macromol Biosci, 2018, 18(3): 1700339.
53.	Miteva M, Kirkbride K C, Kilchrist K V, et al. Tuning PEGylation of mixed micelles to overcome intracellular and systemic siRNA delivery barriers. Biomaterials, 2015, 38: 97-107.
54.	Chen T, Li Y, Li C, et al. Pluronic P85/F68 micelles of baicalein could interfere with mitochondria to overcome MRP2-mediated efflux and offer improved anti-parkinsonian activity. Mol Pharm, 2017, 14(10): 3331-3342.
55.	Chen K J, Chiu Y L, Chen Y M, et al. Intracellularly monitoring/imaging the release of doxorubicin from pH-responsive nanoparticles using Förster resonance energy transfer. Biomaterials, 2011, 32(10): 2586-2592.
56.	Tuyen Dao T P, Brûlet A, Fernandes F, et al. Mixing block copolymers with phospholipids at the nanoscale: from hybrid polymer/lipid worm-like micelles to vesicles presenting lipid nano-domains. Langmuir, 2017, 33(7): 1705-1715.
57.	Liu Y, Yang G, Jin S, et al. J-aggregate-based FRET monitoring of drug release from polymer nanoparticles with high drug loading. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2020, 59(45): 20065-20074.
58.	Zhang Houbing, Li Hongjun, Cao Zhiting, et al. Investigation of the in vivo integrity of polymeric micelles via large Stokes shift fluorophore-based FRET. J Control Release, 2020, 324: 47-54.
59.	Zhao Y M, Fay F, Hak S, et al. Augmenting drug-carrier compatibility improves tumour nanotherapy efficacy. Nat Commun, 2016, 7: 1-11.
60.	Stirland D L, Nichols J W, Miura S, et al. Mind the gap: a survey of how cancer drug carriers are susceptible to the gap between research and practice. J Control Release, 2013, 172(3): 1045-1064.
61.	Park I H, Sohn J H, Kim S B, et al. An open-label, randomized, parallel, phase III trial Evaluating the efficacy and safety of polymeric micelle-formulated paclitaxel compared to conventional cremophor EL-based paclitaxel for recurrent or metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res Treat, 2017, 49(3): 569-577.
62.	Eetezadi S, Ekdawi S N, Allen C. The challenges facing block copolymer micelles for cancer therapy: in vivo barriers and clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2015, 91: 7-22.
63.	Chen T, Li C, Li Y, et al. Small-sized mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles of schisantherin a with sustained release for enhanced brain uptake and anti-parkinsonian activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9(11): 9516-9527.
64.	Morton S W, Zhao X, Quadir M A, et al. FRET-enabled biological characterization of polymeric micelles. Biomaterials, 2014, 35(11): 3489-3496.
65.	Hsiao F, Huang P Y, Aoyagi T, et al. In vitro and in vivo assessment of delivery of hydrophobic molecules and plasmid DNAs with PEO–PPO–PEO polymeric micelles on cornea. J Food Drug Anal, 2018, 26(2): 869-878.
66.	Gartzia-Rivero L, Cerdán L, Bañuelos J, et al. Förster resonance energy transfer and laser efficiency in colloidal suspensions of dye-doped nanoparticles: concentration effects. J Phys Chem C, 2014, 118(24): 13107-13117.
67.	Sun X, Wang G, Hao Z, et al. The blood clearance kinetics and pathway of polymeric micelles in cancer drug delivery. Acs Nano, 2018, 12(6): 6179-6192.

1. Sun Q, Zhou Z, Qiu N, et al. Rational design of cancer nanomedicine: nanoproperty integration and synchronization. Adv Mater, 2017, 29(14): 1606628.
2. Cabral H, Miyata K, Osada K, et al. Block copolymer micelles in nanomedicine applications. Chem Rev, 2018, 118(14): 6844-6892.
3. Gothwal A, Khan I, Gupta U. Polymeric micelles: recent advancements in the delivery of anticancer drugs. Pharm Res, 2016, 33(1): 18-39.
4. Bresseleers J, Bagheri M, Storm G, et al. Scale-up of the manufacturing process to produce docetaxel-loaded mPEG-b-p(HPMA-Bz) block copolymer micelles for pharmaceutical applications. Org Process Res Dev, 2019, 23(12): 2707-2715.
5. Rajdev P, Ghosh S. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET): a powerful tool for probing amphiphilic polymer aggregates and supramolecular polymers. J Phys Chem B, 2018, 123(2): 327-342.
6. Owen S C, Chan D, Shoichet M S. Polymeric micelle stability. Nano Today, 2012, 7(1): 53-65.
7. Jette K K, Law D, Schmitt E A, et al. Preparation and drug loading of poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) micelles through the evaporation of a cosolvent azeotrope. Pharm Res, 2004, 21(7): 1184-1191.
8. Xie M, Wang S, Singh A, et al. Fluorophore exchange kinetics in block copolymer micelles with varying solvent-fluorophore and solvent-polymer interactions. Soft Matter, 2016, 12(29): 6196-6205.
9. Mi A, Nm A, Mrb C, et al. Recent advances in FRET-Based biosensors for biomedical applications. Anal Biochem, 2021, 630: 114323.
10. Quast R B Margeat E. Studying GPCR conformational dynamics by single molecule fluorescence. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 2019, 493(4): 110469.
11. Sanders J C Holmstrom E D. Integrating single-molecule FRET and biomolecular simulations to study diverse interactions between nucleic acids and proteins. Essays Biochem, 2021, 65(1): 37-49.
12. Wu L L, Huang C S, Emery B, et al. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based small-molecule sensors and imaging agents. Chem Soc Rev, 2020, 49(15): 5110-5139.
13. Zhang X, Hu Y, Yang X, et al. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based biosensors for biological applications. Biosens Bioelectron, 2019, 138: 111314.
14. Charron D M, Zheng Gang. Nanomedicine development guided by FRET imaging. Nano Today, 2018, 18: 124-136.
15. Chen T, Li C, Li Y, et al. Oral delivery of a nanocrystal formulation of schisantherin a with improved bioavailability and brain delivery for the treatment of parkinson's disease. Mol Pharm, 2016, 13(11): 3864-3875.
16. Deal J, Pleshinger D J, Johnson S C, et al. Milestones in the development and implementation of FRET-based sensors of intracellular signals: a biological perspective of the history of FRET. Cell Signal, 2020, 75: 109769.
17. Saini S, Singh H, Bagchi B. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in chemistry and biology: Non-Förster distance dependence of the FRET rate. J Chem Sci, 2006, 118(1): 23-35.
18. Castellani C M, Torres-Ocampo A P, Breffke J, et al. Live-cell FLIM-FRET using a commercially available system. Method Cell Biol, 2020, 158: 63-89.
19. Bryce B, Wang E, Zhang S, et al. A guide to fluorescent protein FRET pairs. Sensors-Basel, 2016, 16(9): 1488.
20. Wen L, Fan Z, Mikulski Z, et al. Imaging of the immune system - towards a subcellular and molecular understanding. J Cell Sci, 2020, 133(5): jcs234922.
21. Lu M. Single-molecule FRET imaging of virus spike–host interactions. Viruses, 2021, 13(2): 332.
22. Choi J H, Ha T, Shin M, et al. Nanomaterial-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) to detect nucleic acid in cancer diagnosis. Biomedicines, 2021, 9(8): 928.
23. Dmitriev R I, Intes X, Barroso M M. Luminescence lifetime imaging of three-dimensional biological objects. J Cell Sci, 2021, 134(9): 1-17.
24. Hwang K, Mou Q, Lake R J, et al. Metal-dependent DNAzymes for the quantitative detection of metal ions in living cells: recent progress, current challenges, and latest results on FRET ratiometric sensors. IInorg Chem, 2019, 58(20): 13696-13708.
25. Irvine D J, Dane E L. Enhancing cancer immunotherapy with nanomedicine. Nat Rev Immunol, 2020, 20(5): 321-334.
26. Corby M J, Raicu V, Frick D N. New techniques to study intracellular receptors in living cells: insights into RIG-I-Like receptor signaling. Adv Exp Med Biol, 2018, 111: 219-240.
27. Patra J K, Das G, Fraceto L F, et al. Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects. J Nanobiotechnol, 2018, 16(1): 71.
28. Lu M, Ma X, Mothes W. Illuminating the virus life cycle with single-molecule FRET imaging. Adv Virus Res, 2019, 105: 239-273.
29. Ruan Z, Liu L, Fu L, et al. An amphiphilic block copolymer conjugated with carborane and a NIR fluorescent probe for potential imaging-guided BNCT therapy. Polym Chem, 2016, 7: 4411-4418.
30. Zhao Y, Schapotschnikow P, Skajaa T, et al. Probing lipid coating dynamics of quantum dot core micelles via forster resonance energy transfer. Small, 2014, 10(6): 1163-1170.
31. Dan K, Rajdev P, Deb J, et al. Remarkably stable amphiphilic random copolymer assemblies: a structure-property relationship study. J Polym Sci Pol Chem, 2013, 51(22): 4932-4943.
32. Hao N, Sun C, Wu Z, et al. Fabrication of polymeric micelles with aggregation-induced emission and forster resonance energy transfer for anticancer drug delivery. Bioconjug Chem, 2017, 28(7): 1944-1954.
33. Usama S M, Thompson T, Burgess K. Productive manipulation of cyanine dye π-networks. Angew. Chem Int Ed, 2019, 58(27): 8974-8976.
34. Garcia-Amorós J, Tang S, Zhang Y, et al. Self-assembling nanoparticles of amphiphilic polymers for in vitro and in vivo FRET imaging. Top Curr Chem, 2016, 370: 29-59.
35. Wei Xuan, Dong Ruijiao, Wang Dali, et al. Supramolecular fluorescent nanoparticles constructed via multiple non-covalent interactions for the detection of hydrogen peroxide in cancer cells. Chem Eur J, 2015, 21(32): 11427-11434.
36. Li Y, Miao X, Chen T, et al. Zebrafish as a visual and dynamic model to study the transport of nanosized drug delivery systems across the biological barriers. Colloids Surf B, 2017, 156: 227-235.
37. Liang Y Y, Zhang J, Cui H, et al. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based nanoarchitecture for monitoring deubiquitinating enzyme activity. Chem Comm, 2020, 56(21): 3183-3186.
38. Tao Jinsong, Wei Zhengjie, He Yuan, et al. Toward understanding the prolonged circulation and elimination mechanism of crosslinked polymeric micelles in zebrafish model. Biomaterials, 2020, 256: 120180.
39. 钱慧敏, 陈海燕, 王旻, 等. 近红外标记技术在生物医药领域的应用. 药物生物技术, 2006, 13(4): 306-309.
40. Widengren J, Schwille P. Characterization of photoinduced isomerization and back-isomerization of the cyanine dye cy5 by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. J Phys Chem, 2000, 104(27): 6416-6428.
41. Mishra A, Behera R K, Behera P K, et al. Cyanines during the 1990s: a review. Chem Rev, 2000, 100(6): 1973-2012.
42. Luo S, Zhang E, Su Y, et al. A review of NIR dyes in cancer targeting and imaging. Biomaterials, 2011, 32(29): 7127-7138.
43. Fu L, Yuan P, Ruan Z, et al. Ultra-pH-sensitive polypeptide micelles with large fluorescence off/on ratio in near infrared range. Polym Chem, 2016, 8(6): 1028-1038.
44. Ruan Z, Yuan P, Li T, et al. Glutathione triggered near infrared fluorescence imaging-guided chemotherapy by cyanine conjugated polypeptide. ACS Biomater Sci Eng, 2018, 4(12): 4208-4218.
45. Liang Y, Huo Q, Lu W, et al. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer visualization of molecular delivery from polymeric micelles. J Biomed Nanotechnol, 2018, 14(7): 1308-1316.
46. Saqr A, Vakili M R, Huang Y H, et al. Development of traceable rituximab-modified PEO-polyester micelles by postinsertion of PEG-phospholipids for targeting of B-cell lymphoma. ACS Omega, 2019, 4(20): 18867-18879.
47. Gupta M K, Meyer T A, Nelson C E, et al. Poly(PS-b-DMA) micelles for reactive oxygen species triggered drug release. J Control Release, 2012, 162(3): 591-598.
48. 李瑞, 宋晓宁, 张华, 等. FRET 技术研究 PEG-PCL 胶束跨 MDCK 细胞单层转运的完整性. 药学学报, 2016, 51(8): 1316-1324.
49. Zhou Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, et al. Azoreductase-triggered fluorescent nanoprobe synthesized by RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly for drug release. Polym Chem, 2020, 11(35): 5619-5629.
50. Yang J, Zhang R, Radford D C, et al. FRET-trackable biodegradable HPMA copolymer-epirubicin conjugates for ovarian carcinoma therapy. J Control Release, 2015, 218: 36-44.
51. Zhang R, Yang J, Sima M, et al. Sequential combination therapy of ovarian cancer with degradable N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide copolymer paclitaxel and gemcitabine conjugates. P Natl Acad Sci USA, 2014, 111(33): 12181-12186.
52. Wang X, Li J, Yan Q, et al. In situ probing intracellular drug release from redox-responsive micelles by united FRET and AIE. Macromol Biosci, 2018, 18(3): 1700339.
53. Miteva M, Kirkbride K C, Kilchrist K V, et al. Tuning PEGylation of mixed micelles to overcome intracellular and systemic siRNA delivery barriers. Biomaterials, 2015, 38: 97-107.
54. Chen T, Li Y, Li C, et al. Pluronic P85/F68 micelles of baicalein could interfere with mitochondria to overcome MRP2-mediated efflux and offer improved anti-parkinsonian activity. Mol Pharm, 2017, 14(10): 3331-3342.
55. Chen K J, Chiu Y L, Chen Y M, et al. Intracellularly monitoring/imaging the release of doxorubicin from pH-responsive nanoparticles using Förster resonance energy transfer. Biomaterials, 2011, 32(10): 2586-2592.
56. Tuyen Dao T P, Brûlet A, Fernandes F, et al. Mixing block copolymers with phospholipids at the nanoscale: from hybrid polymer/lipid worm-like micelles to vesicles presenting lipid nano-domains. Langmuir, 2017, 33(7): 1705-1715.
57. Liu Y, Yang G, Jin S, et al. J-aggregate-based FRET monitoring of drug release from polymer nanoparticles with high drug loading. Angew Chem Int Ed, 2020, 59(45): 20065-20074.
58. Zhang Houbing, Li Hongjun, Cao Zhiting, et al. Investigation of the in vivo integrity of polymeric micelles via large Stokes shift fluorophore-based FRET. J Control Release, 2020, 324: 47-54.
59. Zhao Y M, Fay F, Hak S, et al. Augmenting drug-carrier compatibility improves tumour nanotherapy efficacy. Nat Commun, 2016, 7: 1-11.
60. Stirland D L, Nichols J W, Miura S, et al. Mind the gap: a survey of how cancer drug carriers are susceptible to the gap between research and practice. J Control Release, 2013, 172(3): 1045-1064.
61. Park I H, Sohn J H, Kim S B, et al. An open-label, randomized, parallel, phase III trial Evaluating the efficacy and safety of polymeric micelle-formulated paclitaxel compared to conventional cremophor EL-based paclitaxel for recurrent or metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer. Cancer Res Treat, 2017, 49(3): 569-577.
62. Eetezadi S, Ekdawi S N, Allen C. The challenges facing block copolymer micelles for cancer therapy: in vivo barriers and clinical translation. Adv Drug Deliv Rev, 2015, 91: 7-22.
63. Chen T, Li C, Li Y, et al. Small-sized mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles of schisantherin a with sustained release for enhanced brain uptake and anti-parkinsonian activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2017, 9(11): 9516-9527.
64. Morton S W, Zhao X, Quadir M A, et al. FRET-enabled biological characterization of polymeric micelles. Biomaterials, 2014, 35(11): 3489-3496.
65. Hsiao F, Huang P Y, Aoyagi T, et al. In vitro and in vivo assessment of delivery of hydrophobic molecules and plasmid DNAs with PEO–PPO–PEO polymeric micelles on cornea. J Food Drug Anal, 2018, 26(2): 869-878.
66. Gartzia-Rivero L, Cerdán L, Bañuelos J, et al. Förster resonance energy transfer and laser efficiency in colloidal suspensions of dye-doped nanoparticles: concentration effects. J Phys Chem C, 2014, 118(24): 13107-13117.
67. Sun X, Wang G, Hao Z, et al. The blood clearance kinetics and pathway of polymeric micelles in cancer drug delivery. Acs Nano, 2018, 12(6): 6179-6192.

Previous Article
The developments and applications of functional ultrasound imaging
Next Article
Research advances in non-invasive brain-computer interface control strategies

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Research progress on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based polymer micelles as drug carriers

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content