- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China;
The choroidal vascular index (CVI) is the ratio of the luminal area to the total choroidal area. It can not only reflect the changes in the vascular composition of the choroid, but also serve as an observation index for follow-up treatment effects. CVI is a new biometric tool, which is gradually applied to the observation of choroidal structure in various eye diseases. It has great application prospects in the study of pathophysiological mechanisms, disease process monitoring and efficacy evaluation such as central serous chorioretinopathy, polypoid choroidal vascular disease, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy,etc. Understanding the research progress of CVI in various eye diseases can provide reference for clinical research of CVI.
Citation: Sun Gongpeng, Chen Changzheng. The status and advances in the application of choroidal vascular index in fundus diseases. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2020, 36(11): 897-901. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20190827-00265 Copy
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- 2. Spaide RF, Koizumi H, Pozzoni MC. Enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2008, 146(4): 496-500. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.05.032.
- 3. Agrawal R, Gupta P, Tan KA, et al. Choroidal vascularity index as a measure of vascular status of the choroid: measurements in healthy eyes from a population-based study[J/OL]. Sci Rep, 2016, 6: 21090[2016-02-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26868048/. DOI: 10.1038/srep21090.
- 4. Sonoda S, Sakamoto T, Yamashita T, et al. Choroidal structure in normal eyes and after photodynamic therapy determined by binarization of optical coherence tomographic images[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014, 55(6): 3893-3899. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.14-14447.
- 5. Branchini LA, Adhi M, Regatieri CV, et al. Analysis of choroidal morphologic features and vasculature in healthy eyes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography[J]. Ophthalmology, 2013, 120(9): 1901-1908. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.01.066.
- 6. Sonoda S, Sakamoto T, Yamashita T, et al. Luminal and stromal areas of choroid determined by binarization method of optical coherence tomographic images[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2015, 159(6): 1123-1131. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.03.005.
- 7. Agrawal R, Chhablani J, Tan KA, et al. Choroidal vascularity index in central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Retina, 2016, 36(9): 1646-1651. DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000001040.
- 8. Agrawal R, Wei X, Goud A, et al. Influence of scanning area on choroidal vascularity index measurement using optical coherence tomography[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2017, 95(8): 770-775. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13442.
- 9. 徐奕爽, 苏钰, 陈长征. 脉络膜增厚谱系疾病的研究现状与进展[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2018, 20(4): 253-256. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2018.04.013.Xu YS, Su Y, Chen CZ. Progress and research in pachychoroid spectrum disease[J]. Chin J Optom Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2018, 20(4): 253-256. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2018.04.013.
- 10. Daruich A, Matet A, Dirani A, et al. Central serous chorioretinopathy: recent findings and new physiopathology hypothesis[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2015, 48: 82-118. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.05.003.
- 11. 王薇, 李爽, 李红阳, 等. 急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者脉络膜血管指数及中心凹下脉络膜厚度测量分析[J]. 中华眼底病杂志, 2019, 35(4): 353-357. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.04.008.Wang W, Li S, Li HY, et al. Measurement and analysis of choroidal vascularity index and subfoveal choroidal thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2019, 35(4): 353-357. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.04.008.
- 12. Kim RY, Chung DH, Kim M, et al. Use of choroidal vascularity index for choroidal structural evaluation in central serous chorioretinopathy with choroidal neovascularization[J]. Retina, 2019, 40(7): 1395-1402. DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000002585.
- 13. Rasheed MA, Goud A, Mohamed A, et al. Change in choroidal vascularity in acute central serous chorioretinopathy[J]. Indian J Ophthalmol, 2018, 66(4): 530-534. DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1160_17.
- 14. Park W, Kim M, Kim RY, et al. Comparing effects of photodynamic therapy in central serous chorioretinopathy: full-dose versus half-dose versus half-dose-half-fluence[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2019, 257(10): 2155-2161. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-019-04426-8.
- 15. 陈春丽, 任新军, 刘巨平, 等. 从厚脉络膜相关疾病再认识息肉样脉络膜血管病变[J]. 中华眼底病杂志, 2019, 35(3): 306-311. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.03.023.Chen CL, Ren XJ, Liu JP, et al. The recognition of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy based on the pachychoroid spectrum disease[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2019, 35(3): 306-311. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.03.023.
- 16. Liu B, Zhang X, Mi L, et al. Choroidal structure in subtypes of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy determined by binarization of optical coherence tomographic images[J]. Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2019, 47(5): 631-637. DOI: 10.1111/ceo.13467.
- 17. Bakthavatsalam M, Ng DS, Lai FH, et al. Choroidal structures in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, neovascular age-related maculopathy, and healthy eyes determined by binarization of swept source optical coherence tomographic images[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2017, 255(5): 935-943. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-017-3591-3.
- 18. Ting DSW, Yanagi Y, Agrawal R, et al. Choroidal remodeling in age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a 12-month prospective study[J/OL]. Sci Rep, 2017, 7(1): 7868[2017-08-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28801615/. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08276-4.
- 19. Wong CW, Yanagi Y, Lee WK, et al. Age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Asians[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2016, 53: 107-139. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2016.04.002.
- 20. Koh LHL, Agrawal R, Khandelwal N, et al. Choroidal vascular changes in age-related macular degeneration[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2017, 95(7): 597-601. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13399.
- 21. Wei X, Ting DSW, Ng WY, et al. Choroidal vascularity index: a novel optical coherence tomography based parameter in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(6): 1120-1125. DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000001312.
- 22. Invernizzi A, Benatti E, Cozzi M, et al. Choroidal structural changes correlate with neovascular activity in neovascular age related macular degeneration[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2018, 59(10): 3836-3841. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-23960.
- 23. Campos A, Campos EJ, Martins J, et al. Viewing the choroid: where we stand, challenges and contradictions in diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular oedema[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2017, 95(5): 446-459. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13210.
- 24. Endo H, Kase S, Ito Y, et al. Relationship between choroidal structure and duration of diabetes[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2019, 257(6): 1133-1140. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-019-04295-1.
- 25. Tan KA, Laude A, Yip V, et al. Choroidal vascularity index-a novel optical coherence tomography parameter for disease monitoring in diabetes mellitus?[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2016, 94(7): 612-616. DOI: 10.1111/aos.13044.
- 26. Kim M, Ha MJ, Choi SY, et al. Choroidal vascularity index in type-2 diabetes analyzed by swept-source optical coherence tomography[J/OL]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 70[2018-01-08]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29311618/. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18511-7.
- 27. Gupta C, Tan R, Mishra C, et al. Choroidal structural analysis in eyes with diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema-a novel OCT based imaging biomarker[J/OL]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(12): 0207435[2018-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30533048/. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207435.
- 28. Kim M, Kim RY, Kim JY, et al. Correlation of systemic arterial stiffness with changes in retinal and choroidal microvasculature in type 2 diabetes[J/OL]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 1401[2019-02-04]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30718731/. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37969-7.
- 29. Okamoto M, Yamashita M, Ogata N. Effects of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab on choroidal structure and blood flow in eyes with diabetic macular edema[J]. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2018, 256(5): 885-892. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-3939-3.
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